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Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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La Facialidad y el Cirujano como Artista Deleuziano: Reimaginando la Cara más allá de la Estandarización
The Journal of craniofacial surgery
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
La cirugía facial implica más que restaurar la apariencia; da forma a la identidad. Los cirujanos pueden actuar como artistas, co-creando nuevas subjetividades post-traumáticas al considerar las narrativas de los pacientes y la evolución de la autoimagen.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cirugía plástica
- Ética médica
- Filosofía del arte
Sus antecedentes:
- La cirugía facial cruza la anatomía con las percepciones socioculturales de la belleza y la identidad.
- Las metas reconstructivas tradicionales a menudo apuntan a una apariencia facial "estándar" o "normal".
- Las normas faciales históricas y biométricas pueden reforzar la conformidad en los resultados quirúrgicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desafiar la noción de restaurar una cara "estándar" en la cirugía reconstructiva.
- Proponer un cambio de paradigma viendo a los cirujanos como "artistas deleusianos" co-creando la subjetividad.
- Abogar por la integración de la teoría crítica, la estética y la ética en la educación quirúrgica.
Principales métodos:
- Reflexión teórica basada en la teoría de la facialidad de Deleuze y Guattari.
- Análisis de las viñetas clínicas que ilustran las experiencias de los pacientes después de una lesión facial.
- Exploración de las normas faciales históricas y su influencia en las prácticas reconstructivas.
Principales resultados:
- El deseo de "normalidad" puede entrar en conflicto con la evolución de la autoimagen de un paciente después de una lesión facial.
- Las metas reconstructivas influenciadas por las normas históricas pueden reforzar la conformidad.
- La reconstrucción facial no solo afecta la apariencia, sino también la experiencia vivida y la reintegración social.
Conclusiones:
- Los cirujanos pueden ser co-creadores de la subjetividad, particularmente en contextos postraumáticos.
- La educación quirúrgica debe incorporar las humanidades para fomentar la práctica holística.
- Reimaginar al cirujano como un artista profundiza la práctica científica al integrar el trauma, la forma y la subjetividad.
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