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Evaluación algorítmica de riesgos y pruebas de expertos

Bernadette McSherry1

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Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Las herramientas de evaluación de riesgos forenses ayudan a las decisiones legales, pero los algoritmos propietarios plantean preocupaciones éticas y legales. El juicio profesional estructurado equilibra las herramientas con la experiencia clínica.

Palabras clave:
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psicología Forense
  • Medicina legal
  • Criminología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La evaluación de riesgos es crucial en contextos jurídicos, en particular en el ámbito del derecho penal.
  • Los psicólogos forenses y psiquiatras evalúan el riesgo de actividad criminal futura.
  • Las herramientas utilizadas incluyen escalas de predicción de riesgos estadísticos o actuariales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Resaltar las cuestiones éticas y legales en la evaluación forense de riesgos.
  • Discutir las implicaciones de los algoritmos de evaluación de riesgos patentados.
  • Examinar el énfasis actual en el juicio profesional estructurado.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de las prácticas actuales en la evaluación forense de riesgos.
  • Análisis de los enfoques de juicio profesional estructurado.
  • Examen de los desafíos éticos y jurídicos planteados por las herramientas privadas de evaluación de riesgos.

Principales resultados:

  • Las herramientas de evaluación de riesgos son parte integrante de los procedimientos judiciales.
  • El juicio profesional estructurado integra los datos actuariales con la experiencia clínica.
  • Los algoritmos no revelados en las herramientas de evaluación de riesgos crean importantes dilemas éticos y legales.

Conclusiones:

  • El uso de algoritmos de evaluación de riesgos opacos por parte de empresas privadas plantea desafíos éticos y legales.
  • El equilibrio entre los datos actuariales, el juicio clínico y la transparencia es esencial para una aplicación legal justa.
  • Es necesario proseguir el debate sobre la regulación y la transparencia de las herramientas forenses de evaluación de riesgos.