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El efecto del tenis en la densidad mineral ósea masculina: un metanálisis
Huang Huiwen1, Huang Ju2, Fu Dong1
1Chengdu Physical Education University, Chengdu, China.
PloS one
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
El tenis aumenta significativamente la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) en los varones adolescentes, particularmente en el brazo dominante y la columna lumbar. Sin embargo, los efectos son asimétricos, lo que sugiere la necesidad de entrenamiento contralateral para garantizar un desarrollo óseo equilibrado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina del deporte
- La ortopedia
- Fisiología del ejercicio
Sus antecedentes:
- El tenis, un deporte asimétrico, tiene un impacto positivo en la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) en los adolescentes.
- La investigación existente a menudo pasa por alto un análisis sistemático de los efectos del tenis en la DMO en varias regiones del cuerpo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar sistemáticamente los efectos del tenis en la DMO en varones adolescentes.
- Identificar regiones específicas del cuerpo donde el tenis influye en la DMO.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura en las principales bases de datos (Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Embase) hasta marzo de 2025.
- Incluidos los ensayos controlados aleatorios, los estudios de cohorte y los experimentos controlados que se adhieren a los criterios PICOS.
- Los datos se analizaron utilizando Review Manager 5.3 para evaluar el contenido mineral óseo (CMB) y la DMO.
Principales resultados:
- El tenis aumentó significativamente la DMO en el brazo dominante, la columna lumbar, el radio y el fémur derecho.
- No se observaron efectos significativos en la CMB de todo el cuerpo, en la CMB del brazo no dominante, en la CMB de todo el cuerpo o en la CMB del cuello femoral.
- Los análisis de subgrupos indicaron que la duración del entrenamiento y la edad de inicio influyeron en las mejoras de la DMO, particularmente en el brazo y el radio dominantes.
Conclusiones:
- El tenis mejora la DMO de manera asimétrica, favoreciendo al lado dominante.
- Las recomendaciones incluyen la incorporación de entrenamiento contralateral para promover el desarrollo óseo equilibrado en ambas extremidades.
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