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La obesidad provoca interrupciones temporales de la actividad física en ratones bajo un ciclo fijo de 24 horas de luz
Abigail Usiyevich1, Yufan Li1, Reema Sharma1
1Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience, Psychology Department, Rutgers University, Busch Campus Psychology Building Room 317, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Scientific reports
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
La obesidad interrumpe los ritmos de actividad física diaria en ratones, suprimiendo particularmente la actividad durante las horas pico de alimentación. Este estudio revela patrones de actividad específicos del sexo y destaca las interrupciones temporales relacionadas con la obesidad inducida por la dieta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cronología
- Investigación sobre la obesidad
- Comportamiento animal
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ritmos circadianos (ciclos de 24 horas) regulan las actividades diarias y los patrones de alimentación.
- La obesidad y los trastornos metabólicos pueden interferir con estos ritmos biológicos.
- Comprender estas alteraciones es crucial para la investigación de la salud metabólica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los patrones de actividad física diurna específicos del sexo en ratones obesos frente a ratones de peso normal bajo un ciclo controlado de luz y oscuridad.
- Examinar la relación entre el comportamiento alimentario y el tiempo de actividad física.
- Para identificar cómo la obesidad inducida por la dieta impacta estos patrones temporales.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el monitoreo pasivo de la jaula para rastrear la actividad física en ratones.
- Las tareas de alimentación del operante empleado para evaluar el comportamiento de búsqueda de alimentos.
- Actividad y patrones de alimentación comparados entre ratones machos y hembras con y sin obesidad inducida por la dieta.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó que el comportamiento de alimentación se alinea con un pico de actividad durante el ciclo medio oscuro.
- Los ratones machos y hembras mostraron perfiles de actividad temporal distintos, especialmente al final del ciclo oscuro.
- La obesidad inducida por la dieta redujo específicamente la actividad física durante el ciclo medio de la noche, un período clave para la búsqueda de alimentos.
Conclusiones:
- La obesidad inducida por la dieta causa interrupciones temporales en los patrones de actividad física en los ratones.
- Estas interrupciones ocurren durante períodos críticos relacionados con el comportamiento alimentario.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan información sobre la interacción entre los hábitos alimenticios y la actividad circadiana en la obesidad.
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