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Aumento del calendario de vacunación contra la influenza en niños con cáncer: un estudio prospectivo abierto

Sung K Chiu^1,2, Eliska Furlong^1,3, Elizabeth J McKinnon¹

¹Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, WA Kids Cancer Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.

|August 25, 2025

Resumen

Un programa de vacunación contra la gripe aumentado, con dosis adicionales para los niños sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer, es seguro y efectivo. Esta estrategia de inmunización mejorada mejora las respuestas de anticuerpos, ofreciendo una mejor protección contra la gripe para esta población vulnerable.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología
Oncología pediátrica
Vacunas y vacunas

Sus antecedentes:

Las pautas estándar de vacunación contra la gripe pueden ser insuficientes para los niños inmunocomprometidos.
Los niños sometidos a quimioterapia presentan una respuesta inmune atenuada a las vacunas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia de un esquema de vacunación intensificado contra la influenza en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer.
Para evaluar la respuesta inmune humoral a un régimen de vacunación intensificado.

Principales métodos:

Se realizó un estudio prospectivo abierto en niños sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer.
Los participantes recibieron tres dosis (edad < 9 años) o dos dosis (edad ≥ 9 años) de la vacuna contra la influenza, con un intervalo de al menos 4 semanas.

Principales resultados:

El esquema mejorado fue bien tolerado sin eventos adversos graves.
Se observaron mejoras significativas en los títulos medios geométricos de anticuerpos para las cepas de influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2 y B/Washington.
El esquema mejorado condujo a un aumento estadísticamente significativo de los niveles de anticuerpos contra las cepas clave de la influenza.

Conclusiones:

Un programa acelerado de vacunación contra la gripe es una estrategia segura y efectiva para los niños sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer.
Este enfoque mejora la respuesta inmune humoral, proporcionando una mejor protección contra la gripe.
Los resultados apoyan la aplicación de este programa de vacunación intensificado para salvaguardar a los niños inmunocomprometidos.

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