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Resaltar las desigualdades mundiales en la investigación sobre la calidad de los servicios de salud: una revisión
Mihail-Vasile Pruteanu1, Alina Moroșanu2, Georgeta Zegan1,3
1Doctoral School, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universității Street, Code 700115, Iasi, Romania.
Health research policy and systems
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
La investigación mundial sobre la calidad de los servicios de salud muestra un crecimiento, pero persisten importantes disparidades. Los países de altos ingresos dominan, y las publicaciones en inglés tienen mayor visibilidad, lo que pone de relieve las desigualdades en la difusión de la investigación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación en servicios de salud
- Información bibliométrica
- Ciencias de los sistemas de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La calidad de los servicios de salud es crucial para sistemas de salud eficaces y equitativos a nivel mundial.
- La investigación existente puede presentar desequilibrios en la producción científica, la visibilidad y la colaboración.
- Este estudio analiza las tendencias globales y las disparidades en la investigación de la calidad de los servicios de salud en la última década.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar la evolución y el impacto de la literatura sobre la calidad de los servicios de salud.
- Identificar las tendencias clave, los temas, la distribución geográfica y las entidades influyentes (revistas, autores, afiliaciones).
- Evaluar los factores que influyen en el impacto de las citas e identificar las lagunas de investigación para las direcciones futuras.
Principales métodos:
- Una revisión sistemática que se adhiera a las directrices de PRISMA 2020.
- Integración del análisis bibliométrico (redes de palabras, recuento de citas, tendencias de palabras clave) y el modelado econométrico.
- Análisis de regresión del panel para examinar los predictores del impacto de la citación en los estudios de 2014-2023.
Principales resultados:
- El volumen de publicaciones globales aumentó, alcanzando su punto máximo en 2021, con temas dominantes de experiencia del paciente, prestación de servicios y resultados de salud.
- Las instituciones de los países de altos ingresos (América del Norte, Europa) lideraron la producción y las citas.
- Los artículos en inglés mostraron una mayor visibilidad; la colaboración internacional y el número de referencias influyeron positivamente en el impacto de la citación.
Conclusiones:
- A pesar del aumento de los resultados de la investigación, persisten importantes disparidades en cuanto a la visibilidad y la influencia en la investigación sobre la calidad de los servicios de salud.
- Los factores lingüísticos, institucionales y geográficos contribuyen a la difusión y el reconocimiento desiguales.
- La promoción de la publicación inclusiva y el fomento de la colaboración interregional son vitales para reducir las desigualdades y mejorar la relevancia global.
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