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Preferencias de comunicación sobre el cáncer infantil y adolescente para la toma de decisiones sobre el tratamiento:
Kimberly A Pyke-Grimm1,2, Katherine Patterson Kelly3,4, Ginny L Schulz5
1Department of Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice, Center for Professional Excellence and Inquiry, Stanford Medicine Children's Health, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Pediatric blood & cancer
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
Los niños y adolescentes quieren participar activamente en las decisiones sobre el tratamiento del cáncer. Este estudio sintetiza sus preferencias de participación en la toma de decisiones sobre el tratamiento (TDM) para mejorar la comunicación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología Pediátrica
- Comunicación sobre la salud
- Investigación cualitativa
Sus antecedentes:
- Los niños y adolescentes (< 18 años) tienen preferencias variadas para la comunicación del tratamiento del cáncer.
- Comprender estas preferencias es crucial para la atención centrada en el paciente.
- Este estudio se centra en su participación en la toma de decisiones sobre el tratamiento del cáncer.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Sintetizar los hallazgos cualitativos sobre las preferencias de los niños y adolescentes para participar en la comunicación sobre el tratamiento del cáncer.
- Para describir las voces de los pacientes jóvenes con cáncer con respecto a su participación en TDM.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura utilizando métodos de metaagregación.
- Los estudios incluidos incluyeron participantes menores de 18 años con cáncer infantil, utilizando métodos cualitativos o mixtos.
- Los hallazgos se limitaron a las preferencias autoinformadas de los niños y adolescentes.
Principales resultados:
- Se incluyeron 55 artículos de 3213 identificados, lo que dio lugar a 156 hallazgos sobre las preferencias de TDM de 39 estudios.
- Tres hallazgos sintetizados surgieron: "Cómo participo", "Cuando no participo" y "Por qué participo" en el MTC.
- Las preferencias iban desde el papel pasivo al activo en la toma de decisiones.
Conclusiones:
- Esta meta-síntesis aclara cómo, cuándo y por qué los niños y adolescentes desean participar en la DMT del cáncer.
- Las voces de los pacientes revelan diversas preferencias para la participación.
- Las recomendaciones se centran en prácticas basadas en la evidencia para alinearse con estas preferencias de comunicación.
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