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Diferencias en la evaluación de la puntuación del dolor de la enfermera, la madre y el niño durante el acceso
1Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Türkiye.
Journal of paediatrics and child health
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
Los niños reportaron mayor dolor durante el acceso intravenoso que las madres o enfermeras. La percepción del dolor varió significativamente entre los niños, las madres y las enfermeras, lo que pone de relieve los desafíos de evaluación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermería pediátrica
- Tratamiento del dolor
- Psicología infantil
Sus antecedentes:
- Los niños con frecuencia experimentan dolor durante procedimientos médicos como el acceso intravenoso.
- La evaluación precisa del dolor es crucial para el manejo eficaz del dolor en los niños.
- Las discrepancias en los informes de dolor pueden impedir las intervenciones adecuadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el acuerdo entre los niños, las madres y las enfermeras al informar sobre el dolor durante el acceso intravenoso.
- Identificar las diferencias en la percepción del dolor entre estos tres grupos.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio descriptivo en el que participaron 307 niños (de 3 a 6 años) y sus madres.
- Utilizó la escala Wong-Baker Faces para evaluar el dolor.
- Empleado pruebas estadísticas incluyendo kappa de Cohen para analizar la concordancia.
Principales resultados:
- Los niños reportaron las puntuaciones de dolor promedio más altas (4.21), seguidos por las madres (3.56) y las enfermeras (3.18).
- No se encontró una coincidencia significativa entre las calificaciones de dolor del niño-madre, del niño-infermiera o de la madre-infermiera (p > 0,05).
- Un porcentaje notable de niños (18,9%) tenía experiencia previa con el acceso intravenoso.
Conclusiones:
- El dolor autoinformado de los niños durante el acceso intravenoso se percibe como mayor que el informado por las madres o las enfermeras.
- Existen diferencias significativas en la evaluación del dolor entre los niños, las madres y los proveedores de atención médica.
- Estos hallazgos subrayan la complejidad de la evaluación del dolor pediátrico y la necesidad de enfoques personalizados.
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