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La asociación entre la inteligencia emocional y el trastorno límite de la personalidad: un metanálisis
Angela Norris-Nicholas1, John M Malouff1, Jai Meynadier1
1University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
Resumen
Las personas con trastorno límite de la personalidad (TPB) exhiben constantemente una menor inteligencia emocional (IE), lo que afecta la percepción, el uso, la comprensión y la regulación de las emociones. Mejorar la IE puede beneficiar el tratamiento del TLP.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- La psiquiatría
- La salud mental
Sus antecedentes:
- El Trastorno Fronterizo de la Personalidad (TPB) es una condición de salud mental compleja.
- La Inteligencia Emocional (IE) abarca la capacidad de percibir, usar, comprender y regular las emociones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar la investigación sobre la asociación entre EI y BPD.
- Para identificar a los moderadores que influyen en esta relación.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en cuatro bases de datos.
- Metaanálisis de 25 estudios en los que participaron 7189 personas.
- Modelo de efectos aleatorios para determinar el tamaño general del efecto.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró una asociación negativa significativa entre la IE y la DBP (r = -0,41, p < 0,001).
- Las entrevistas de diagnóstico arrojaron tamaños de efecto más altos que las escalas de autoinforme.
- La asociación se mantuvo independientemente de cómo se midió la EI (capacidad vs. rasgo) o la BPD (entrevista vs. autoinforme).
Conclusiones:
- Los individuos con TLP generalmente demuestran una menor inteligencia emocional, caracterizada por dificultades en el procesamiento y la regulación emocional.
- Las intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la IE justifican la investigación de sus posibles beneficios terapéuticos en la TLP.
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