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Pruebas preliminares sobre el rápido crecimiento de la tolerancia al alcohol como factor de riesgo para el consumo
Frances L Wang1, Brooke S G Molina, Sarah L Pedersen
1Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America.
Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire)
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
El rápido crecimiento de la tolerancia al alcohol en los adultos está relacionado con un mayor riesgo de consumo problemático de alcohol. Este hallazgo sugiere que la tolerancia rápida puede ser un nuevo factor de riesgo neurobiológico para el trastorno por consumo de alcohol (AUD).
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- La psiquiatría
- Investigación de las adicciones
Sus antecedentes:
- Las investigaciones preclínicas indican que la adaptación rápida a la tolerancia al alcohol puede ser la causa del trastorno por consumo de alcohol.
- La investigación traslacional en humanos es limitada.
- Este estudio investiga la asociación entre la auto-percepción de una rápida tolerancia al alcohol y el consumo problemático de alcohol en adultos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar si el rápido desarrollo de tolerancia al alcohol autoinformado está asociado con un mayor riesgo de consumo problemático de alcohol.
- Control de posibles factores de confusión en la relación entre la tolerancia y el trastorno por consumo de alcohol.
Principales métodos:
- Se administró una encuesta en línea a 160 adultos que bebían mucho.
- Los participantes informaron sobre el crecimiento rápido percibido de la tolerancia, la respuesta subjetiva inicial y adquirida al alcohol y el consumo problemático de alcohol (basado en los criterios modificados del DSM-5).
- También se recopilaron datos demográficos, de raza, sexo, edad y consumo de alcohol del año anterior.
Principales resultados:
- La regresión lineal jerárquica reveló que el crecimiento rápido percibido de la tolerancia era un predictor único del consumo problemático de alcohol.
- Esta asociación se mantuvo significativa después de controlar la respuesta subjetiva inicial, la tolerancia adquirida, los síntomas de tolerancia al DSM-5, el consumo de alcohol, la raza, el sexo y la edad.
Conclusiones:
- Los adultos que informan de un rápido desarrollo de tolerancia al comenzar a beber regularmente presentan un mayor riesgo de consumo problemático de alcohol.
- El crecimiento rápido percibido de la tolerancia puede representar un nuevo factor de riesgo neurobiológico para el AUD.
- Se recomienda una investigación prospectiva para validar estos hallazgos.
Palabras clave:
tolerancia adquiridaTolerancia al alcoholtrastorno por consumo de alcoholdesarrollo rápido de la toleranciaRespuesta subjetivaMás Videos Relacionados
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