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Desconformidad entre las quejas de memoria autoinformadas y las reportadas por el informante y la progresión del
Patrícia Regueira1,2, Inês Baldeiras1,2, Marisa Lima2,3
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Aging & mental health
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
Los pacientes con deterioro cognitivo leve que no reportan pérdida de memoria muestran deterioro de la conciencia y un riesgo significativamente mayor de progresar a demencia. Este subregistro está relacionado con los biomarcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología
- Gerontología
- La neurociencia
Sus antecedentes:
- El deterioro cognitivo leve (MCI) es una etapa de transición entre el envejecimiento normal y la demencia.
- La evaluación de la conciencia de los déficits de memoria es crucial para comprender la progresión de la enfermedad en MCI.
- Las discrepancias entre los informes de pacientes e informantes pueden indicar una disminución de la autoconciencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar si la discrepancia en los informes de los informantes de pacientes en los déficits de memoria sirve como un sustituto de la disminución de la conciencia en MCI.
- Para determinar el valor pronóstico de esta discrepancia en la predicción de la conversión a la demencia.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio longitudinal de 128 pacientes con MCI con quejas de memoria.
- La evaluación inicial incluyó los biomarcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), las quejas de memoria subjetiva (SMC) y la función cognitiva (MMSE).
- Los participantes fueron seguidos durante una media de 43,3 meses para hacer un seguimiento de la conversión a la demencia.
Principales resultados:
- Las personas que reportaron menos de un déficit de memoria tuvieron un rendimiento cognitivo más bajo y un mayor número de SMC reportados por los informantes.
- Los subreportadores exhibieron una mayor carga de amiloide, tau y p-tau.
- La subnotificación se asoció con un aumento de 4,31 veces en el riesgo de conversión a la demencia.
Conclusiones:
- La subinformación de los pacientes sobre los déficits de memoria predijo de forma independiente la progresión de la enfermedad en el ICM.
- Los informes de los informantes se correlacionan con los biomarcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer, lo que apoya la subnotificación como un marcador de conciencia deteriorada.
- La subnotificación de los déficits de memoria es un predictor significativo de la conversión a la demencia en pacientes con MCI.
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