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Desarrollo de una aplicación de salud móvil basada en la teoría para el manejo de la fatiga en el lupus: enfoque de
Anna Deck1, Kiran Singh2, Paula Caras1
1School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
JMIR formative research
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio desarrolló una aplicación de salud móvil utilizando un diseño centrado en el ser humano para ayudar a los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) a controlar la fatiga a través de la actividad física. La aplicación, basada en la teoría del cambio de comportamiento, fue bien recibida por los usuarios, mostrando una promesa para las intervenciones de salud digital.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Intervenciones en salud digital
- Teoría del cambio de comportamiento
- Diseño centrado en el ser humano
Sus antecedentes:
- La fatiga es un síntoma prevalente y debilitante en el lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES).
- Los enfoques no farmacológicos como las intervenciones de actividad física son prometedores pero requieren muchos recursos.
- La salud móvil (mHealth) ofrece una solución escalable para ofrecer intervenciones conductuales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar una aplicación mHealth para la autogestión de la fatiga en pacientes con LES.
- Promover la actividad física a través de una intervención conductual basada en la teoría.
- Para utilizar el diseño centrado en el ser humano (HCD) para el desarrollo de aplicaciones.
Principales métodos:
- Empleado un enfoque de diseño centrado en el ser humano (HCD) con dos fases: inspiración e ideación.
- Necesidades identificadas de los usuarios a través de grupos focales y prototipos refinados a través de entrevistas y encuestas.
- Integró la teoría de la autodeterminación y la teoría cognitiva social en el diseño de la aplicación.
Principales resultados:
- Las prioridades clave de los usuarios incluían el seguimiento de los síntomas, el contenido educativo, la conexión social y los recordatorios.
- El prototipo de la aplicación recibió calificaciones favorables, con una alta probabilidad de uso reportada por los participantes.
- Los comentarios de los usuarios enfatizaron la comunidad, la accesibilidad, la personalización, la integración y los mensajes motivacionales.
Conclusiones:
- Se desarrolló una aplicación mHealth adaptada a las necesidades de los pacientes con LES utilizando HCD y la teoría del cambio de comportamiento.
- El refinamiento iterativo con la participación del usuario final mejoró la usabilidad de la aplicación y abordó las prioridades clave.
- Este estudio proporciona un modelo para desarrollar intervenciones de salud digital rigurosas para enfermedades crónicas.
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