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Feammox en el tratamiento de aguas residuales: Mecanismos, interacciones sinérgicas y aplicaciones futuras de
Jinlai Yuan1, Xiangshan Zeng1, Xinyi Wu1
1School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
The Science of the total environment
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
La oxidación de amonio férrico (Feammox) ofrece una nueva vía de eliminación de nitrógeno. La combinación de Feammox con los métodos existentes, como los humedales construidos y las plantas de A2O, mejora la eficiencia de la eliminación de nitrógeno y materia orgánica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología ambiental
- Tecnologías de tratamiento de agua
- Ciclos biogeoquímicos
Sus antecedentes:
- La oxidación del amonio férrico (Feammox) es un proceso microbiano emergente que afecta el ciclo del nitrógeno.
- Feammox presenta una alternativa potencial a los métodos convencionales de eliminación del nitrógeno.
- Comprender Feammox es crucial para optimizar el tratamiento de las aguas residuales y mitigar la contaminación por nitrógeno.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente el mecanismo, la eficacia y los factores que influyen en Feammox.
- Para aclarar las interacciones sinérgicas entre Feammox y las vías tradicionales de eliminación de nitrógeno.
- Proponer aplicaciones prácticas de Feammox en sistemas de ingeniería.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de Feammox, nitrificación y desnitrificación y oxidación anaeróbica del amonio.
- Revisión de la literatura que resume el papel de Feammox en los sistemas naturales y artificiales.
- Evaluación de las interacciones sinérgicas y de las posibles medidas de mejora.
Principales resultados:
- Feammox contribuye significativamente a la pérdida de nitrógeno en entornos naturales y artificiales.
- Feammox demuestra una eficiencia de eliminación de nitrógeno competitiva.
- Las interacciones sinérgicas con la nitrificación-desnitrificación mejoran la eliminación general de nitrógeno.
Conclusiones:
- Feammox es una vía viable para la eliminación de nitrógeno con un potencial significativo.
- La combinación de Feammox con humedales construidos o plantas de A2O puede mejorar la eliminación simultánea de NH4+ y NO3.
- Esta revisión apoya la aplicación práctica de Feammox en el tratamiento de aguas residuales.
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