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Evaluación de la calidad del agua y los riesgos para la salud humana en la zona superficial e hiporeica: estudio del
Md Hasanuzzaman1, Sujoy Midya2, Pravat Kumar Shit3
1PG Department of Geography, Raja N. L. Khan Women's College (Autonomous), Gope Palace, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|August 26, 2025
Resumen
El río Damodar
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Evaluación de la calidad del agua
- Ecología fluvial
Sus antecedentes:
- El río Damodar, un importante río tropical de la India, sufre de una creciente contaminación.
- Los estudios limitados integran evaluaciones de la calidad de las aguas superficiales e hiporéicas.
- Las actividades antropogénicas plantean importantes amenazas de contaminación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la dinámica de la contaminación, los riesgos ecológicos y los riesgos para la salud humana en las zonas superficiales e hiporéicas del río Damodar.
- Evaluar las variaciones espacio-temporales de la calidad del agua a través de las estaciones.
- Identificar los principales factores de contaminación y los riesgos asociados.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un marco basado en SIG para el análisis espacial.
- Se recogieron y analizaron 120 muestras de agua (superficial e hiporéicas) para 20 parámetros.
- Los índices de calidad del agua utilizados (MWQI, HPI, PERI, TSI, HHHI) y los análisis multivariados (PCA, agrupación).
Principales resultados:
- Las zonas hiporéicas mostraron una grave contaminación por metales pesados, con un 100% altamente contaminado (MWQI) y un 48,14% superior a la seguridad para beber (HPI).
- Los riesgos ecológicos fueron moderados (PERI: 150-300), y el estado trófico indicó una baja eutrofización (TSI: 50-60).
- Se encontraron riesgos no cancerígenos significativos para la salud de los niños, especialmente después de los monzones.
Conclusiones:
- La zona hipórea actúa como un reservorio crítico de contaminación, que requiere una remediación específica.
- Es necesario un control más estricto de la contaminación y intervenciones sanitarias centradas en los niños.
- Los enfoques geoespaciales y multivariados integrados mejoran la gestión del agua en las cuencas tropicales.
Palabras clave:
Río DamodarRiesgo ecológicoPeligro para la saludLos metales pesadosZona hipóreaAnálisis multivariadoMás Videos Relacionados
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