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Las características del estudiante y la escuela modifican el impacto de SNAP-Ed en los resultados de la dieta y la
Amanda Linares1, Sridharshi C Hewawitharana1, Kaela Plank1
1University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Nutrition Policy Institute, 1111 Franklin Street, Oakland, CA94607, USA.
Public health nutrition
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Las intervenciones de CalFresh Healthy Living (CFHL) basadas en la escuela mejoraron la ingesta de frutas y verduras de los estudiantes después de COVID-19. Estos programas mostraron mayores beneficios de la actividad física en las escuelas con mayor elegibilidad de comidas gratuitas y de precio reducido, destacando un enfoque centrado en la equidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Nutrición para la salud pública
- Prevención de la obesidad infantil
- Intervenciones de salud en las escuelas
Sus antecedentes:
- El cierre de escuelas por COVID-19 interrumpió los programas de salud esenciales.
- Las intervenciones basadas en la escuela son críticas para la nutrición y la actividad física de los estudiantes.
- La comprensión de los impactos de las intervenciones en diversos grupos demográficos de estudiantes y escuelas es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones basadas en la escuela CalFresh Healthy Living (CFHL) después del COVID-19.
- Determinar si las características del alumno y de la escuela modifican los impactos de la intervención en la dieta y la actividad física (AP).
- Identificar las disparidades e informar sobre un enfoque centrado en la equidad para la ejecución de la intervención.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño de estudio de autoinforme, previo y posterior, de dos grupos, casi experimental.
- Participaron 51 escuelas públicas de intervención y 18 de comparación.
- Los participantes incluyeron estudiantes de cuarto y quinto grado (n=2115 intervenciones, n=1102 comparación).
Principales resultados:
- Las intervenciones de CFHL aumentaron el consumo de frutas (0,19 veces/día) y vegetales (0,35 veces/día).
- Las intervenciones mostraron mayores aumentos en la AP en las escuelas con mayor elegibilidad para comidas gratuitas y a precio reducido (FRPM).
- El género de los estudiantes, la urbanización de la escuela y los impactos de la intervención modificada de FRPM en la dieta y la AP.
Conclusiones:
- Las intervenciones de la CFHL en las escuelas siguen siendo efectivas para mejorar los comportamientos de salud de los estudiantes.
- Las intervenciones demostraron un impacto positivo en la actividad física, en particular en las escuelas superiores FRPM.
- Los hallazgos apoyan un enfoque centrado en la equidad para optimizar la entrega de intervenciones para todos los niños.
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