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Resiliencia psicológica en estudiantes sordos o con dificultades auditivas y factores asociados: un estudio

Tian Xu¹, Shan Huang², Guanjun Bao¹

¹Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, China.

|August 27, 2025

Resumen

Los estudiantes sordos y con dificultades auditivas (D/HH) muestran una resistencia psicológica moderada. Factores como el liderazgo, la sordera adquirida y el fuerte apoyo social mejoran la resiliencia en los individuos con D/HH.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología
Salud pública
Educación especial

Sus antecedentes:

Los problemas de salud mental prevalecen entre los estudiantes sordos y con dificultades auditivas (D/HH).
La resiliencia psicológica es un factor protector clave para la salud mental.
La comprensión de los factores de resiliencia en los estudiantes con D/HH es crucial para las intervenciones específicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar los niveles de resiliencia psicológica en los estudiantes de D/HH.
Identificar los factores ambientales individuales, familiares, de pares y sociales asociados con la resiliencia en esta población.

Principales métodos:

Muestreo en varias etapas y en grupos utilizado para seleccionar estudiantes de D/HH de colegios de educación especial.
Escala de resiliencia Connor-Davidson administrada para medir la resiliencia psicológica.
Se utilizan análisis de regresión lineal univariada y multivariada para identificar los factores asociados.

Principales resultados:

Los estudiantes D/HH demostraron un nivel moderado de resiliencia psicológica.
Las asociaciones positivas con la resiliencia incluyen experiencia de liderazgo, sordera adquirida, fuertes habilidades de lectura de labios, mayores ingresos familiares (≥120,000 RMB) y redes sociales sólidas (amigos D/HH o grupos mixtos).
Un mayor apoyo social estuvo significativamente relacionado con una mayor resiliencia psicológica.

Conclusiones:

La resiliencia psicológica en los estudiantes de D/HH está influenciada por una combinación de factores personales, familiares y sociales.
Los hallazgos pueden orientar las intervenciones para apoyar la salud mental de los estudiantes con D/HH.
La identificación de las personas en riesgo es esencial para el desarrollo de estrategias de apoyo eficaces.

Palabras clave:

Debilidad auditiva discapacidad salud mental Psicología

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