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Memoria y representación de verbos relacionados con la visión en individuos ciegos tempranos
Léo Dutriaux1, Roberto Bottini2
1UniversitéLumière Lyon 2, Laboratoire d'Études des Mécanismes Cognitifs, 69007 Lyon, France.
Journal of cognition
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Los individuos ciegos congénitos recartan los verbos relacionados con la visión en el sistema motor de manera diferente a los individuos videntes. Esto sugiere que la representación del conocimiento se basa en experiencias sensorimotrices.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia cognitiva
- Procesamiento Sensorial
- La cognición incorporada
Sus antecedentes:
- Las teorías de la cognición incorporada y fundamentada proponen que la recuperación del conocimiento se basa en simulaciones sensorimotrices.
- Las diferencias individuales en las experiencias sensorimotrices pueden influir en los procesos de recuperación de conocimientos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo los individuos congénitamente ciegos re-mapean los verbos relacionados con la visión dentro de su sistema motor.
- Explorar el impacto de la conexión a tierra sensoriomotora en la representación del conocimiento en personas ciegas.
Principales métodos:
- Los participantes memorizaron frases que combinaban objetos con verbos relacionados con la acción, la visión o el control.
- La memoria se evaluó con las manos de los participantes en reposo o detrás de la espalda.
- Comparación entre el rendimiento de la memoria de los individuos videntes y congénitamente ciegos.
Principales resultados:
- El recuerdo de las frases relacionadas con la acción disminuyó cuando se aprendió con las manos detrás de la espalda, consistente en ambos grupos.
- La memoria de las frases relacionadas con la visión se vio afectada únicamente por la postura en los individuos ciegos, en la dirección opuesta.
- La postura influyó en el recuerdo de la memoria de manera diferente para las frases relacionadas con la visión entre los participantes videntes y ciegos.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos apoyan la base sensoriomotriz del conocimiento, demostrando su influencia en conceptos abstractos como la visión.
- La ceguera congénita lleva a un nuevo mapeo de las representaciones verbales relacionadas con la visión en el sistema motor.
- Este estudio proporciona información sobre la plasticidad neuronal y la representación del conocimiento en individuos con ceguera congénita.
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