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Medicamentos potencialmente inadecuados para las personas mayores: listas basadas en el consenso
Alex Choo1,2
1Geriatric Unit, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network.
Australian prescriber
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Los adultos mayores se enfrentan a mayores riesgos de medicamentos. Las nuevas directrices identifican los medicamentos potencialmente inadecuados (PIM) en Australia, ofreciendo alternativas más seguras y haciendo hincapié en la atención individualizada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacología Geriátrica
- Seguridad de los medicamentos
- Farmacia clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los adultos mayores, especialmente aquellos con múltiples afecciones de salud y regímenes complejos de medicamentos, son desproporcionadamente susceptibles a los efectos adversos de los medicamentos.
- Los medicamentos potencialmente inadecuados (PIM) son medicamentos en los que los riesgos generalmente superan los beneficios para grupos específicos de pacientes.
- Las listas de PIM existentes, como los criterios de Beers y STOPP, guían una prescripción más segura para las poblaciones de edad avanzada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Introducir y describir la lista de PIM australianos recientemente desarrollada (2024).
- Proporcionar orientación basada en la evidencia sobre los medicamentos que deben evitarse en las personas mayores, teniendo en cuenta tanto el uso general como los contextos clínicos específicos.
- Ofrecer recomendaciones para medicamentos alternativos potencialmente más seguros.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de una nueva lista australiana de medicamentos potencialmente inadecuados (PIM) para personas mayores, publicada en 2024.
- Identificación de los medicamentos que deben evitarse en todas las personas mayores y los que deben evitarse en situaciones clínicas específicas.
- Inclusión de orientaciones sobre opciones farmacológicas alternativas y más seguras.
Principales resultados:
- La lista de PIM australianos 2024 clasifica los medicamentos en función de su potencial inapropiedad en adultos mayores.
- Distingue entre los medicamentos que deben evitarse universalmente y los que deben evitarse en escenarios clínicos particulares.
- La lista también proporciona recomendaciones prácticas para alternativas terapéuticas más seguras.
Conclusiones:
- La lista australiana de PIMs sirve como una herramienta crucial para optimizar la seguridad de los medicamentos en los ancianos.
- Destaca la importancia de la prescripción individualizada, reconociendo que los PIM pueden ser apropiados en ciertos contextos clínicos.
- Las directrices alientan a los profesionales de la salud a considerar los factores específicos del paciente y los objetivos de la atención al tomar decisiones de prescripción.
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