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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Normocalcemia y función tiroidea normal en una población con deficiencia severa de vitamina D

Omid Yazdani1, Mohammad Reza Haeri2, Reyhaneh Niayesh-Mehr3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Advanced biomedical research
|August 27, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

La deficiencia de vitamina D (VDD) fue común en la población del estudio. La VDD no alteró significativamente la función tiroidea o los niveles de calcio dentro de los rangos de referencia, lo que sugiere que las directrices actuales sobre la vitamina D pueden necesitar revisión.

Palabras clave:
El calciohipotiroidismola tiroidesVitamina D y sus derivados

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Endocrinología
  • Ciencias de la nutrición
  • Química clínica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La vitamina D juega papeles más allá de la homeostasis del calcio.
  • Se debate la relación entre la deficiencia de vitamina D y el hipotiroidismo.
  • Este estudio investiga el estado de la tiroides y el calcio en individuos con deficiencia de vitamina D.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para determinar si la deficiencia de vitamina D está asociada con la disfunción tiroidea o el desequilibrio de calcio.
  • Analizar la correlación entre los niveles de vitamina D y las hormonas tiroideas (T4, TSH) y el calcio.

Principales métodos:

  • Se recogieron datos clínicos de 772 individuos durante un año.
  • Se han medido los niveles séricos de T4, TSH, calcio y vitamina D.
  • Los sujetos se agruparon en categorías de deficiencia, insuficiencia y suficiencia de vitamina D.

Principales resultados:

  • El 74,2% de los participantes tenía deficiencia o insuficiencia de vitamina D.
  • No se encontraron diferencias significativas en los niveles de calcio entre los grupos.
  • Los niveles de hormonas tiroideas se mantuvieron dentro de los rangos de referencia, con un aumento de la T4 y una disminución de la TSH no significativa a medida que aumentaban los niveles de vitamina D.

Conclusiones:

  • La deficiencia de vitamina D no condujo a hipotiroidismo o hipocalcemia clínicamente significativos en esta cohorte.
  • Las discrepancias observadas pueden indicar la necesidad de reevaluar los intervalos de referencia actuales de vitamina D.