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Diferencias de patogenicidad entre dos cepas de reovirus aviares del mismo grupo genético
Edit Kovács1, Renáta Varga-Kugler1, Zalán Homonnay1
1Ceva-Phylaxia Ltd., Budapest, Hungary.
Avian pathology : journal of the W.V.P.A
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Las cepas de reovirus aviar (ARV) del mismo grupo genético mostraron diferentes capacidades para causar enfermedades y transmisión. Los genes específicos como lambdaC, muB y sigmaC influyen en la patogenicidad del ARV, no solo en el genotipo sigmaC.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología veterinaria
- Epidemiología molecular
- Patología aviar
Sus antecedentes:
- Los reovirus aviares (ARV) son patógenos importantes en las aves de corral.
- El genotipado basado en el gen sigmaC se utiliza comúnmente para la clasificación de ARV.
- Comprender las variaciones genéticas y su impacto en la patogenicidad es crucial para el control de enfermedades.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar los aspectos moleculares y de patogenicidad de dos cepas de ARV (A y B) dentro del mismo grupo genético.
- Investigar la diseminación dentro del huésped, la transmisión entre huéspedes, las lesiones y la carga viral.
- Identificar los marcadores genéticos asociados con las diferencias de patogenicidad y transmisión.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de dos cepas de ARV (A y B) de bandadas de aves de corral afectadas.
- Evaluación de la patogenicidad, incluida la mortalidad, las lesiones graves y microscópicas, la carga viral, la diseminación y la transmisión.
- Secuenciación del genoma completo y análisis filogenético de segmentos de genes virales (sigmaC, lambdaC, muB).
Principales resultados:
- La cepa B causó mortalidad y lesiones más graves que la cepa A, con una transmisión más lenta.
- La secuenciación completa del genoma reveló mosaicismo, con segmentos de genes de origen vacunal o similar en ambas cepas.
- Se encontraron variaciones de secuencia significativas en los genes lambdaC, muB y sigmaC, que influyen en la agrupación de cepas y la patogenicidad.
Conclusiones:
- Las cepas de ARV dentro del mismo genotipo pueden exhibir rasgos patógenos y de transmisión distintos.
- Los genes lambdaC, muB y sigmaC juegan un papel en la diferenciación de la patogenicidad del ARV.
- La dependencia únicamente de la genotipización sigmaC puede ocultar diferencias críticas en la virulencia del ARV, lo que requiere la secuenciación de todo el genoma para una evaluación precisa.
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