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Fibrosis pulmonar idiopática y cáncer de pulmón: una revisión narrativa actualizada
Bartłomiej Czyżak1, Sebastian Majewski1
1Department of Pneumology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
Advances in respiratory medicine
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
La fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (IPF) y el cáncer de pulmón (LC) comparten vías comunes. Los medicamentos antifibróticos pueden ofrecer protección contra la LC en pacientes con FPI, lo que pone de relieve nuevas estrategias terapéuticas potenciales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Pulmonología
- En el campo de la oncología
- Medicina traslacional
Sus antecedentes:
- La fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (FIP) es una enfermedad pulmonar intersticial progresiva con tratamientos limitados.
- Los agentes antifibróticos han mejorado la supervivencia de la FPI, aumentando el reconocimiento de comorbilidades como el cáncer de pulmón (CL).
- La comprensión de la interacción entre IPF y LC es crucial para el manejo del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la epidemiología y la patogénesis de la LC en pacientes con FPI.
- Explorar las alteraciones moleculares, celulares, genéticas y epigenéticas compartidas.
- Discutir los desafíos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, incluidas las exacerbaciones agudas y los posibles efectos protectores de los antifibróticos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión exhaustiva de la literatura de los estudios sobre la FPI y la LC.
- Análisis de los mecanismos patológicos compartidos.
- Evaluación de las estrategias actuales de diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Principales resultados:
- IPF y LC comparten vías moleculares, celulares y genéticas subyacentes comunes.
- Los enfoques de diagnóstico y tratamiento para la FPI-LC son limitados, especialmente en lo que respecta a las exacerbaciones agudas.
- La evidencia emergente sugiere que los agentes antifibróticos pueden reducir el riesgo de LC en IPF.
Conclusiones:
- Los mecanismos compartidos entre IPF y LC justifican una mayor investigación para nuevos objetivos terapéuticos.
- Las directrices clínicas multidisciplinarias son esenciales para optimizar la atención del paciente con FPI-LC.
- Los agentes antifibróticos son prometedores en la prevención potencial del desarrollo de LC en pacientes con IPF.
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