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Explorando los determinantes de la atención compasiva del cáncer en adultos mayores utilizando mapas cognitivos
Dominique Tremblay1,2, Chiara Russo3, Catherine Terret3
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, QC J4K 0A8, Canada.
Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
La mejora de la atención del cáncer para los adultos mayores requiere abordar las barreras prácticas y organizativas. Este estudio identifica estrategias clave para un enfoque geriátrico compasivo y centrado en la persona en la oncología.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oncología Geriátrica
- Investigación en servicios de salud
- Atención centrada en el paciente
Sus antecedentes:
- Los adultos mayores con cáncer se enfrentan a obstáculos significativos para recibir atención personalizada.
- La implementación de modelos de atención geriátrica y centrada en la persona en la oncología sigue siendo un desafío.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las perspectivas de las partes interesadas sobre los desafíos en la prestación de atención oncológica geriátrica compasiva.
- Identificar vías viables para mejorar la atención de los adultos mayores con cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño de la investigación de acción con la participación de 53 partes interesadas en grupos focales.
- Cartografía cognitiva para visualizar las relaciones percibidas en el cuidado compasivo.
- El software Mental Modeler se utiliza para analizar la centralidad y las relaciones de los conceptos.
Principales resultados:
- Un modelo colectivo destaca los determinantes de la atención compasiva a través de los niveles sistémicos, organizativos, de práctica y sociales.
- Las vías identificadas incluyen la integración de las políticas de envejecimiento y cáncer, el trabajo en equipo interdisciplinario y la lucha contra la discriminación por edad.
- Las perspectivas de las partes interesadas revelan factores cruciales para abordar a toda la persona.
Conclusiones:
- La traducción de la evidencia a la atención oncológica geriátrica compasiva requiere una acción colectiva.
- La atención a los factores sistémicos y organizativos es esencial para mejorar la calidad de la atención.
- La lucha contra la discriminación por edad y la promoción de enfoques centrados en la persona son vitales para los pacientes de cáncer de edad avanzada.
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