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Intervención de enfermería psiquiátrica para la disfagia inducida por clozapina en la esquizofrenia: un informe de
Mervenur Atalay1, Birgül Özkan2
1Health Sciences University Gaziler Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital.
Alternative therapies in health and medicine
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
La clozapina, utilizada para la esquizofrenia, puede causar hipersalivación. Este informe de caso detalla el manejo de este efecto secundario a través de la atención psiquiátrica individualizada, destacando la necesidad de una mejor capacitación sobre los efectos adversos de los medicamentos psicotrópicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La psiquiatría
- Enfermería
Sus antecedentes:
- La esquizofrenia es un trastorno mental crónico que afecta los procesos de pensamiento y las interacciones sociales.
- La clozapina es un tratamiento clave para la esquizofrenia resistente al tratamiento, pero tiene efectos secundarios notables como hipersalivación.
- La hipersalivación es un efecto secundario común y angustioso del tratamiento con clozapina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Presentar un informe de caso sobre hipersalivación inducida por clozapina en un paciente con esquizofrenia.
- Para enfatizar la importancia de la atención de enfermería individualizada en el manejo de este efecto secundario.
- Resaltar el papel de las enfermeras psiquiátricas en el reconocimiento y el manejo de las reacciones adversas a los medicamentos.
Principales métodos:
- Un informe de caso descriptivo de un hombre de 47 años con esquizofrenia tratado con clozapina.
- Identificación de los diagnósticos de enfermería relacionados con la dificultad para tragar, el riesgo de aspiración y el manejo ineficaz.
- Implementación de intervenciones de enfermería adecuadas a las necesidades del paciente.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente experimentó hipersalivación atribuida al tratamiento con clozapina.
- Los diagnósticos de enfermería incluían dificultad para tragar, riesgo de aspiración e ineficacia para sobrellevar.
- Se aplicaron intervenciones específicas de enfermería para abordar estos problemas.
Conclusiones:
- Las enfermeras psiquiátricas juegan un papel crucial en el manejo de los efectos secundarios relacionados con las drogas, como la hipersalivación.
- Un enfoque biopsicosocial es esencial en la atención de enfermería psiquiátrica.
- Es necesario mejorar la formación de las enfermeras sobre los efectos adversos de los medicamentos psicotrópicos.
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