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La eficacia del aceite de salmón diario para el asma de tipo 2 en adultos: un ensayo aleatorizado doble ciego
Katarina Mølsæter1,2, Kjetil Roth3,4, Tor Åge Myklebust2
1Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), P.O. Box 1517, 6025 Ålesund, Norway.
Marine drugs
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio exploró los efectos de OmeGO® en las exacerbaciones del asma tipo 2. OmeGO® no alteró significativamente las tasas de exacerbación en comparación con el placebo en adultos con asma tipo 2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Pulmonología
- Inmunología
- Ciencias de la nutrición
Sus antecedentes:
- El asma es una enfermedad respiratoria crónica con perfiles inflamatorios variados.
- El asma tipo 2, caracterizada por inflamación eosinofílica, requiere terapias dirigidas.
- Los ácidos grasos omega-3, como el EPA y el DHA que se encuentran en OmeGO®, tienen propiedades antiinflamatorias potenciales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la eficacia de OmeGO® en la mejora de los resultados respiratorios en adultos con asma tipo 2.
- Evaluar el impacto de la suplementación con OmeGO® en la frecuencia y gravedad de la exacerbación del asma.
- Evaluar el control del asma utilizando cuestionarios y criterios validados.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo aleatorizado, doble ciego y controlado con placebo de 20 semanas.
- 66 participantes adultos con asma tipo 2 recibieron diariamente OmeGO® (≥120 mg de EPA, ≥180 mg de DHA) o un placebo.
- Objetivo primario: puntuación compuesta de eventos de exacerbación de moderados a severos; objetivos secundarios: cuestionario de control del asma (ACQ5) y criterios de la Iniciativa Mundial para el Asma (GINA).
Principales resultados:
- No hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el tiempo mediano hasta el primer evento compuesto entre los grupos de OmeGO® (37 días) y placebo (15 días) (p=0,347).
- Las tasas de exacerbación fueron similares: el 73% en el grupo OmeGO® frente al 82% en el grupo placebo experimentó al menos una exacerbación (p=0,347).
- La frecuencia semanal de las exacerbaciones fue comparable: 0,36 eventos/ día para OmeGO® frente a 0,32 eventos/ día para placebo (p=0,777).
Conclusiones:
- La suplementación con OmeGO® no demostró una reducción significativa en las tasas de exacerbación del asma en adultos con asma tipo 2 durante 20 semanas.
- Si bien no se observaron diferencias, el tiempo hasta la primera exacerbación justifica una investigación adicional en estudios más amplios.
- El potencial antiinflamatorio de los ácidos grasos omega-3 en el asma tipo 2 requiere una investigación continua.
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