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Precisión y seguridad de ChatGPT-3.5 en la evaluación del uso de medicamentos de venta libre durante el embarazo: un
Bernadette Cornelison1, David R Axon1, Bryan Abbott1
1R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Los chatbots de inteligencia artificial (IA) como ChatGPT-3.5 muestran una alta precisión y exhaustividad para las pacientes embarazadas que buscan asesoramiento sobre medicamentos de venta libre (OTC). Sin embargo, se encontraron errores críticos de seguridad, lo que hace que la IA sea un recurso independiente inseguro para esta información.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La informática médica
- Inteligencia artificial en el cuidado de la salud
- Salud Reproductiva
Sus antecedentes:
- Las personas embarazadas utilizan cada vez más la IA para obtener información de salud, incluida la orientación sobre medicamentos de venta libre (OTC).
- La seguridad de la medicación durante el embarazo es crítica, sin embargo, la disponibilidad de datos a menudo es limitada.
- Los chatbots de IA pueden ofrecer información accesible, pero requieren una validación de seguridad rigurosa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la exactitud, integridad y seguridad de ChatGPT-3.5 en el suministro de información sobre medicamentos de venta libre para pacientes embarazadas.
- Para comparar las respuestas generadas por la IA con un recurso médico de confianza, UpToDate®.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo evaluó 87 medicamentos de venta libre recomendados por los farmacéuticos.
- Las respuestas de ChatGPT-3.5 fueron comparadas con la información de UpToDate® utilizando una escala de Likert de 5 puntos por revisores independientes.
- Las calificaciones de consenso se establecieron después de las discusiones de grupo, y un tercer investigador proporcionó las puntuaciones finales.
Principales resultados:
- ChatGPT-3.5 recibió puntuaciones medianas altas para la corrección (5/5) y la seguridad (5/5).
- La completitud recibió una puntuación mediana de 4/5.
- A pesar de las altas puntuaciones, el 9% de las evaluaciones (n=8) contenía errores de seguridad, incluidas omisiones con potencial de complicaciones graves.
Conclusiones:
- Si bien ChatGPT-3.5 demuestra un gran rendimiento en precisión e integridad para la información de medicamentos de venta libre en el embarazo, persisten las preocupaciones de seguridad.
- Los errores de seguridad identificados, en particular las omisiones, convierten al chatbot en un recurso independiente inseguro para las pacientes embarazadas.
- Es necesario un mayor desarrollo y validación antes de que los chatbots de IA puedan usarse de manera confiable para el asesoramiento sobre medicamentos durante el embarazo.
Palabras clave:
ChatGPT (en inglés)Inteligencia artificialmedicamentos de venta libreseguridad del pacienteembarazoMás Videos Relacionados
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