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Evidencia de mapeo sobre las regulaciones que afectan la accesibilidad, disponibilidad y gestión de antiveneno de

Ramsha Majeed¹, Janette Bester², Kabelo Kgarosi³

¹Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease

|August 27, 2025

Resumen

El tratamiento de envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente (SBE) se enfrenta a barreras de acceso debido a las deficientes regulaciones contra el veneno. Esta revisión pone de relieve las brechas críticas de las políticas en Asia y África, en contraste con América Latina.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud global
La medicina tropical
Farmacovigilancia de las sustancias

Sus antecedentes:

El envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente (SBE) es una enfermedad tropical descuidada con importantes desafíos de tratamiento.
El antiveneno, el tratamiento primario, a menudo es inaccesible debido a las barreras sanitarias, los problemas regulatorios y la mala gestión.
La falta de atención nacional y los sistemas de regulación deficientes exacerban el problema, especialmente en las regiones endémicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para mapear las pruebas globales sobre las regulaciones de antiveneno de serpiente.
Identificar las lagunas de la literatura en materia de política y gestión contra el veneno.
Informar la investigación futura y el desarrollo de políticas para el SBE.

Principales métodos:

Se realizó una revisión de alcance utilizando el marco de Arksey y O'Malley.
Se aplicó la metodología de revisión sistemática (PRISMA-ScR).
Una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura a través de seis bases de datos (PubMed, SCOPUS, etc.) El estudio se realizó con la extracción de datos de 84 artículos.

Principales resultados:

Existen lagunas significativas en las políticas que rigen la gestión de los antivenenos, especialmente en Asia y África.
Se encontraron pruebas limitadas sobre las directrices de manejo del antiveneno en las regiones endémicas.
América Latina demuestra una regulación nacional, producción y distribución efectivas de antiveneno.

Conclusiones:

El desarrollo de políticas urgentes y la mejora de los marcos regulatorios son necesarios para la gestión del antiveneno en Asia y África.
El modelo de América Latina ofrece información valiosa para mejorar la accesibilidad a los antídotos y reducir la mortalidad por SBE a nivel mundial.
Se requiere más investigación para abordar las deficiencias de las directrices de gestión en las zonas endémicas de SBE.

Palabras clave:

la accesibilidad El antiveneno Disponibilidad los reglamentos Envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente

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