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La cantidad de carbohidratos frente a la calidad en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico: metaanálisis basado en la
Yuxin Jin1, Li Zhang1, Xinwen Yu1
1Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
El síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) está relacionado con carbohidratos de menor calidad, específicamente más granos refinados y menos granos enteros y fibra. Se pueden necesitar estrategias dietéticas personalizadas para diferentes fenotipos metabólicos del síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Endocrinología
- Trastornos del metabolismo
- Ciencias de la nutrición
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) es un trastorno metabólico-endocrino frecuente.
- La evidencia existente sobre el vínculo entre la ingesta de carbohidratos y el síndrome de ovario poliquístico es controvertida.
- Este estudio investiga el impacto de la cantidad y la calidad de los carbohidratos en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la influencia de la cantidad y calidad de los carbohidratos en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP).
- Combinar los datos epidemiológicos mundiales con los datos de los estudios individuales para un análisis exhaustivo.
- Para aclarar la relación controvertida entre la ingesta de carbohidratos y el síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la carga global de enfermedades (GBD) 2021 datos para la incidencia de SOP y las tendencias dietéticas.
- Búsqueda sistemática de la literatura de seis bases de datos hasta febrero de 2025 para estudios basados en la población.
- Metaanálisis de estudios identificados para evaluar las diferencias en la ingesta de carbohidratos en mujeres con y sin SOP.
Principales resultados:
- Los datos mundiales muestran un aumento de la incidencia del síndrome de ovario poliquístico correlacionado con un mayor consumo de granos refinados y bebidas endulzadas con azúcar.
- El metanálisis de 25 estudios (n=20 738) no encontró diferencias en la ingesta total de carbohidratos.
- Las mujeres con SOP presentaron una ingesta de granos refinados significativamente mayor y una ingesta de granos enteros y fibra menor en comparación con los controles.
Conclusiones:
- La ingesta de carbohidratos de baja calidad (granos altamente refinados, bajos en fibra / granos enteros) está más fuertemente asociada con el síndrome de ovario poliquístico que la cantidad total de carbohidratos.
- Los patrones dietéticos, en particular el consumo de granos refinados, juegan un papel importante en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
- Se recomiendan intervenciones dietéticas personalizadas, teniendo en cuenta los diversos fenotipos metabólicos dentro del síndrome de ovario poliquístico.
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