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Efectos de un programa de disciplina positiva en los resultados de la crianza
1School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Child abuse & neglect
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
La disciplina positiva en la crianza cotidiana (PDEP) redujo efectivamente el castigo físico y emocional en los padres. Este programa también aumentó la parentalidad proactiva, promoviendo prácticas de crianza más saludables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Desarrollo del niño
- Intervenciones de los padres
- Ciencias del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- El castigo de los padres es frecuente y tiene un impacto negativo en el bienestar del niño.
- La disciplina positiva en la crianza cotidiana (PDEP) es un programa de grupo diseñado para reducir la crianza punitiva.
- El PDEP tiene como objetivo fomentar estrategias de disciplina positiva.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la efectividad del programa de Disciplina Positiva en la crianza cotidiana (PDEP).
- Examinar los cambios en las prácticas de crianza autoinformadas entre los padres de niños pequeños.
- Evaluar el impacto de la PDEP en la reducción de comportamientos punitivos y el aumento de la crianza positiva.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental con 183 padres canadienses de niños de 2 a 6 años.
- Los participantes fueron asignados ya sea al grupo de intervención PDEP (101 padres) o a un grupo de comparación de lista de espera (82 padres).
- Los datos se recopilaron en cinco ciclos de 2018-2024 utilizando varias medidas de resultado.
Principales resultados:
- Los padres que completaron el PDEP mostraron una reducción significativa en el castigo físico y emocional en comparación con el grupo de control.
- Se observó un aumento significativo en las estrategias proactivas de crianza en el grupo PDEP.
- El tamaño del efecto varió desde pequeño para el castigo emocional hasta grande para el castigo físico y la crianza proactiva.
Conclusiones:
- El programa PDEP es efectivo para disminuir el castigo de los padres y promover la crianza proactiva.
- La PDEP difiere de las intervenciones tradicionales de gestión del comportamiento.
- Se recomienda una mayor investigación con diseños aleatorios y medidas de resultado complementarias.
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