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Las emociones positivas y el control inhibidor mejoran el comportamiento de intercambio prosocial en niños bajo
Qingfeng Peng1, Jie Zhang1, Gege Liu2
1School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, China.
NeuroImage
|August 27, 2025
Resumen
Los niños
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Psicología del desarrollo
- Desarrollo infantil
Sus antecedentes:
- La participación prosocial en contextos desiguales es crucial para el desarrollo moral y social de los niños.
- Los mecanismos neuronales y los roles de la regulación de las emociones y el control inhibidor en el comportamiento de intercambio de los niños están poco explorados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos neuronales de la participación prosocial en niños de 6 a 9 años en condiciones de recursos desiguales.
- Explorar las contribuciones de la regulación emocional y el control cognitivo a los comportamientos de intercambio de los niños.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la espectroscopia funcional de infrarrojo cercano (fNIRS) para medir los cambios de oxihemoglobina de la corteza prefrontal durante las tareas compartidas.
- Evaluó el comportamiento compartido de los niños, el control inhibidor y la regulación emocional.
Principales resultados:
- El comportamiento de compartir aumentó con la edad y varió con el estado de los recursos.
- Un mayor control inhibidor y emociones positivas se correlacionan con mayores tendencias prosociales.
- Se observó una activación diferencial y conectividad en la corteza prefrontal dorsolateral (dlPFC) y la corteza prefrontal medial (mPFC) en condiciones desiguales, especialmente en niños mayores (8-9 años).
- Los datos de fNIRS revelaron correlaciones entre la actividad de la corteza prefrontal y el comportamiento de intercambio, modulado por las condiciones de los recursos.
Conclusiones:
- La toma de decisiones prosociales de los niños en contextos desiguales está influenciada tanto por el control cognitivo como por la evaluación emocional.
- La neuroimagen proporciona evidencia de los fundamentos neuronales del comportamiento prosocial en la infancia, destacando las funciones de regiones específicas de la corteza prefrontal.
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