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Manifestación de la Agencia del Aprendiz en la Educación Primaria: Fijación de objetivos, implementación y reflexión
Jovita Ponomariovienė1, Daiva Jakavonytė-Staškuvienė1
1Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Los estudiantes de primaria pueden desarrollar la autonomía del alumno estableciendo y reflexionando sobre las metas de la educación basada en las competencias. El apoyo de los profesores y un entorno seguro son cruciales para fomentar esta habilidad, además de abordar desafíos como el bienestar emocional y digital.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología educativa
- Pedagogía
Sus antecedentes:
- La agencia de aprendizaje es clave en la educación basada en competencias (CBE).
- La teoría cognitiva social y los principios de autodeterminación informan la comprensión de la motivación del estudiante y la búsqueda de objetivos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar la manifestación de la agencia de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de primaria dentro de un marco de CBE.
- Investigar cómo los estudiantes establecen, implementan y reflexionan sobre las metas de aprendizaje personales.
Principales métodos:
- Investigación en acción en la que participaron 108 alumnos de cuarto grado de dos escuelas lituanas.
- Recopilación de datos a través de los diarios de los estudiantes (objetivos, reflexiones) y entrevistas con los profesores.
Principales resultados:
- Los estudiantes demostraron agencia a través de la fijación de objetivos y la reflexión cuando se les proporcionó apoyo, retroalimentación y elección.
- Los desafíos identificados incluyen metas vagas, reflexiones incompletas y problemas con los juegos y la regulación emocional.
- El apoyo del profesor es vital para el establecimiento de metas y la motivación del andamio.
Conclusiones:
- La agencia del alumno es una capacidad que se puede desarrollar en los estudiantes de primaria.
- Las estrategias pedagógicas intencionales y una cultura escolar reflexiva son necesarias.
- Se recomiendan intervenciones tempranas en la alfabetización emocional y el bienestar digital.
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