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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Identificación de un nuevo haplotipo asociado con el color de la capa de gallo en caballos de barrio estadounidenses
Robin E Everts1, Rachael Caron1, Gabriel Foster1
1Etalon Inc., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Los investigadores identificaron un tercer haplotipo genético, RN3, asociado con el color del pelaje de los caballos. Este descubrimiento, junto con RN1 y RN2, explica más del 95% de los caballos de cuartos americanos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Genética animal
- Genética del color del pelaje
- Genómica equina
Sus antecedentes:
- El color del pelaje de los caballos se caracteriza por pelos blancos dispersos en un fondo sólido.
- Investigaciones anteriores localizaron el locus roan en la región del gen KIT.
- Dos haplotipos, RN1 y RN2, fueron identificados previamente, lo que explica una parte significativa de los caballos ron.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar nuevas variantes genéticas asociadas con el fenotipo roan en los caballos.
- Para investigar la base genética del color del pelaje en los caballos americanos.
- Para caracterizar un haplotipo recientemente descubierto asociado a las gallinas.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación completa del genoma de los caballos con el fenotipo roan.
- Análisis de las variantes genéticas dentro de la región del gen KIT.
- Comparación de los genomas de los caballos ron con las poblaciones de control.
Principales resultados:
- Un tercer nuevo haplotipo, RN3, fue identificado en American Quarter Horses.
- El haplotipo RN3 está asociado con una variante específica (chr3: 79656505 G> A).
- Los tres haplotipos (RN1, RN2, RN3) representan más del 95% de las gallinas en la población de American Quarter Horse estudiada y del 50-60% en otras razas.
Conclusiones:
- Los haplotipos identificados proporcionan una explicación genética completa para el fenotipo roan en muchas razas de caballos.
- La secuenciación del genoma entero es un método eficaz para descubrir variantes causantes para fenotipos específicos.
- El descubrimiento de RN3 refina nuestra comprensión de la genética del color del pelaje equino.
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