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Síntomas depresivos y factores asociados entre pacientes de mediana edad y mayores con enfermedad renal crónica:

Yu Zhang^1,2,3,4, Yingqi Huang⁵, Wenhui Zhang¹

¹School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 28, 2025

Resumen

Los síntomas depresivos son más comunes en mujeres con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). La mala salud y satisfacción con la vida autoinformadas tienen un impacto significativo en la depresión en individuos con ERC.

Palabras clave:

¿Qué es eso?Enfermedad renal crónica síntomas depresivos Modelo basado en la ecología de la salud adultos mayores

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Área de la Ciencia:

Nefrología
La psiquiatría
Gerontología

Sus antecedentes:

Los síntomas depresivos son comunes en la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC).
La comprensión de los factores asociados y las diferencias de género es crucial para la gestión eficaz en adultos de mediana edad y mayores.
El modelo de ecología de la salud (HEM) proporciona un marco para esta investigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Explorar los factores asociados con los síntomas depresivos en pacientes chinos de mediana edad y mayores con ERC.
Investigar las diferencias de género en la prevalencia y los factores asociados de los síntomas depresivos.
Identificar los predictores clave de los síntomas depresivos mediante el uso de métodos estadísticos avanzados.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron datos transversales del Estudio Longitudinal de Salud y Jubilación de China (CHARLS) de 2018.
Utilizó regresión logística multivariada para identificar los factores asociados y las diferencias de género.
Construyó un modelo de bosque aleatorio para clasificar la importancia del predictor.

Principales resultados:

Más del 50% de los pacientes con ERC informaron síntomas depresivos, con una mayor prevalencia en las mujeres (59,56%) frente a los hombres (42,97%).
Los factores clave incluyeron el género femenino, la residencia rural, la mala salud autoinformada, el sueño inadecuado y las limitaciones en las actividades de la vida diaria (ADL) y las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (IADL).
La salud y la satisfacción con la vida autoinformadas fueron los predictores más fuertes; el género moderó el impacto del tabaquismo y las ADL.

Conclusiones:

Las pacientes femeninas con ERC presentan una mayor prevalencia de síntomas depresivos.
Varios factores demográficos, de salud y funcionales están significativamente asociados con la depresión en esta población.
Los hallazgos apoyan el desarrollo de intervenciones específicas para la depresión en pacientes chinos de mediana edad y mayores con ERC.