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La asociación entre la actividad física y la calidad del sueño entre los estudiantes de enfermería en Arabia Saudita
Eman Bajamal1,2, Jori Alotaibi1,2, Danah Balamash1,2
1College of Nursing-Jeddah (CON-J), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Mail Code 6565, P.O. Box 9515, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio encontró que los estudiantes de enfermería saudíes tienen una mala calidad de sueño y poca actividad física. El aumento de la actividad física (AP) está relacionado con un mejor sueño, pero se necesitan intervenciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la salud
- Educación de enfermería
- Medicina del sueño
Sus antecedentes:
- Los estudiantes de enfermería enfrentan importantes presiones académicas y clínicas que afectan la calidad del sueño.
- La actividad física (AP) es un factor potencial para mejorar el sueño, pero su papel en los estudiantes de enfermería saudíes es poco estudiado.
- Esta investigación aborda la brecha al examinar la relación entre la AP y la calidad del sueño en esta población específica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre los niveles de actividad física y la calidad del sueño entre los estudiantes de enfermería en Arabia Saudita.
- Identificar los factores demográficos y académicos que influyen en la AP y la calidad del sueño en esta cohorte.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio transversal que involucró a 554 estudiantes de enfermería saudíes.
- Los datos se recopilaron utilizando el formulario corto del cuestionario internacional de actividad física (IPAQ-SF) y el índice de calidad del sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI).
- Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron estadísticas descriptivas, correlación de Pearson y pruebas inferenciales.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó una alta prevalencia de mala calidad del sueño (86,7%) y baja actividad física (59,6% PA baja, 8,2% PA vigorosa).
- Las estudiantes femeninas y aquellas con promedios más bajos informaron una menor presión arterial y una peor calidad de sueño.
- Se encontró una correlación positiva significativa (r=0,192, p<0,001) entre la actividad física y la calidad del sueño.
Conclusiones:
- Los estudiantes de enfermería en Arabia Saudita muestran tasas preocupantes de sueño deficiente y baja actividad física.
- Si bien la actividad física se asocia con un mejor sueño, el efecto es modesto, lo que requiere intervenciones integrales.
- Las universidades deben integrar programas de PA estructurados y educación sobre higiene del sueño en los planes de estudios de enfermería para mejorar el bienestar de los estudiantes y los resultados académicos.
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