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Síntesis, caracterización y propiedades del alcohol polivinílico / cáscara de jaca carboximetilcelulosa / óxido de
Shumin Liu1, Jing Ma1, Fuqi Yang1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China.
Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio desarrolló un hidrogel compuesto a partir de desechos de jaca y nanopartículas para la eliminación efectiva del tinte rojo del Congo. El material logró una adsorción de colorante del 92,3%, ofreciendo una solución sostenible de tratamiento de aguas residuales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Ingeniería Química
Sus antecedentes:
- La contaminación de las aguas residuales por tintes aniónicos como el rojo del Congo (CR) plantea riesgos ambientales.
- El desarrollo de adsorbentes eficientes y sostenibles es crucial para la eliminación del tinte.
- La valorización de los residuos agrícolas, como la cáscara de jaca, puede proporcionar materiales ecológicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Sintetizar y caracterizar un nuevo hidrogel compuesto para mejorar la adsorción del rojo del Congo.
- Investigar el mecanismo de adsorción y el rendimiento del hidrogel en diversas condiciones.
- Explorar el potencial de los residuos de cáscara de jaca en la creación de materiales funcionales para la remediación del medio ambiente.
Principales métodos:
- Los hidrogeles compuestos se fabricaron utilizando alcohol polivinílico (PVA), celulosa carboximetil de desechos de cáscara de jaca (JCMC), óxido de grafeno (GO) y nanopartículas de caolín.
- La caracterización estructural se realizó utilizando FTIR, XRD y SEM.
- Los experimentos de adsorción se llevaron a cabo variando el pH, el tiempo de contacto, la temperatura y la concentración de CR.
Principales resultados:
- El hidrogel compuesto demostró una excelente integridad estructural y una dispersión uniforme de nanopartículas.
- Se logró una eliminación óptima del rojo del Congo del 92,3% a un pH de 8,0 en 90 minutos.
- La cinética de adsorción siguió un modelo de pseudo segundo orden, y los datos de equilibrio ajustaron el modelo isotérmico de Langmuir con una capacidad de adsorción máxima de 200,80 mg/g.
Conclusiones:
- El hidrogel compuesto de PVA/JCMC/GO/Kaolin exhibe un rendimiento superior para la adsorción del rojo del Congo.
- El estudio valora con éxito los desechos de la cáscara de jaca en un material funcional para el tratamiento de aguas residuales.
- Este hidrogel compuesto presenta una solución prometedora y sostenible para la eliminación de colorantes aniónicos.
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