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Involucramiento de múltiples órganos y particularmente lesión hepática en el COVID largo: una revisión narrativa
Carmen-Elena Florea1,2,3, Bianca Bălaș-Maftei1,2,3, Alexandra Rotaru1,2
1Doctoral School, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
El COVID prolongado puede causar daño hepático persistente a través de varios mecanismos, incluidos los efectos virales directos y la inflamación. El monitoreo continuo es crucial para los pacientes que experimentan problemas hepáticos después de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 ha llevado a un COVID prolongado, caracterizado por síntomas persistentes que afectan a múltiples órganos.
- El hígado se identifica como un sitio significativo de lesión en curso después de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
- Los casos leves de COVID-19 también pueden provocar secuelas a largo plazo como fatiga y deterioro cognitivo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los conocimientos actuales sobre la participación de los órganos después de la COVID-19.
- Centrarse en las manifestaciones hepáticas y los factores de riesgo asociados con la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
- Para discutir las secuelas neurológicas, cardiovasculares y otras relacionadas con las vías inflamatorias y trombóticas comunes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión narrativa de la literatura existente sobre el COVID-19 y la participación de los órganos.
- Síntesis de información sobre la patogénesis, las manifestaciones clínicas y los factores de riesgo de lesión hepática.
- Examen de las vías inflamatorias y trombóticas comunes en las secuelas post-COVID.
Principales resultados:
- La lesión hepática post-COVID-19 es multifactorial, que incluye acción viral directa, respuesta inmune, daño microvascular y toxicidad por medicamentos.
- Las manifestaciones hepáticas van desde el aumento de las transaminasas hasta la colangiopatía y la fibrosis, que persisten durante meses.
- Los factores de riesgo incluyen trastornos metabólicos, obesidad y hepatitis preexistente, que requieren atención especializada.
Conclusiones:
- La disfunción hepática es una preocupación clave en el COVID prolongado debido a las funciones metabólicas e inflamatorias del hígado.
- El monitoreo prolongado y la atención interdisciplinaria son esenciales para los pacientes con problemas hepáticos post-COVID.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones sobre las interacciones orgánicas y sistémicas para perfeccionar las estrategias de gestión.
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