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Discriminación en el lugar de trabajo contra las empleadas embarazadas y posparto: vínculos con el bienestar
Kimberly T Schneider1, Sarah C Williams1, Rory E Kuhn1
1Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761, USA.
Resumen
Muchos empleados embarazadas y posparto se enfrentan a la discriminación en el lugar de trabajo a pesar de las protecciones legales. Esta revisión examina los comportamientos de discriminación, las transiciones laborales posteriores al parto y el papel crucial del apoyo social para los padres que trabajan.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias sociales
- Salud en el trabajo
- Estudios de género
Sus antecedentes:
- La discriminación por embarazo afecta a los empleados durante las etapas tempranas y medias de la carrera.
- Existe una legislación, pero las trabajadoras embarazadas y posparto informan que sufren discriminación.
- Los estereotipos y las expectativas de género contribuyen a la discriminación en el lugar de trabajo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar los comportamientos asociados con la discriminación en el lugar de trabajo relacionada con el embarazo en todas las culturas.
- Examinar las experiencias de los empleados después del parto, incluidos los desafíos del retorno al trabajo y las adaptaciones para la lactancia materna.
- Destacar la importancia del apoyo social para mitigar la discriminación y los desafíos posparto.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión narrativa de estudios empíricos sobre la discriminación relacionada con el embarazo.
- Análisis de los marcos teóricos relativos a los estereotipos y las expectativas de género.
- Síntesis de la evidencia sobre las transiciones al trabajo posparto y el apoyo a la lactancia materna.
Principales resultados:
- Una serie de comportamientos discriminatorios están documentados en todo el mundo.
- Los empleados posparto se enfrentan a desafíos significativos para volver al trabajo y mantener la lactancia materna.
- El apoyo social de aliados y modelos a seguir es vital para sobrellevar la situación.
Conclusiones:
- La discriminación por embarazo sigue siendo frecuente y requiere mayor atención.
- Abordar los desafíos posparto requiere apoyo sistémico y adherencia a las políticas.
- Las redes de apoyo social son fundamentales para el bienestar y la retención de los padres que trabajan.
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