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Costo-efectividad de los servicios de salud adaptados a los jóvenes en los centros de salud de la zona de Jimma,
Geteneh Moges Assefa1, Muluken Dessalegn Muluneh1, Sintayehu Abebe1
1Amref Health Africa, P.O. Box 20855, Addis Ababa 1000, Ethiopia.
Resumen
Los servicios de salud amigables con los jóvenes (YFHS) en Etiopía son altamente rentables, mejorando significativamente los resultados de la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes. Esta iniciativa ofrece una solución escalable para avanzar en la equidad en salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Economía de la salud
- Salud de los adolescentes
Sus antecedentes:
- Los adolescentes en las zonas rurales de Etiopía se enfrentan a obstáculos para acceder a los servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva.
- Los servicios de salud amigables con los jóvenes (YFHS) capacitan a los trabajadores de extensión de la salud (HEW) para brindar atención personalizada.
- Este estudio evalúa la rentabilidad de YFHS en la zona de Jimma, Etiopía.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la rentabilidad de la implementación de servicios de salud amigables con los jóvenes (YFHS, por sus siglas en inglés) en los puestos de salud rurales de Etiopía.
- Determinar el impacto de YFHS en los resultados de la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes.
- Evaluar la viabilidad de escalar el YFHS para un impacto más amplio en la salud pública.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un enfoque de cálculo de costes basado en los ingredientes en seis puestos de salud.
- Los resultados de salud se modelaron utilizando años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (DALY) evitados.
- Los coeficientes incrementales de rentabilidad (ICER) se calcularon para evaluar la rentabilidad.
Principales resultados:
- YFHS alcanzó a 9854 adolescentes anualmente a un costo de USD 29,680.
- La intervención demostró una mejora significativa en los resultados de la SRH, incluido un aumento de la atención prenatal y el uso de anticonceptivos.
- El estudio calculó un ICER de 25,50 USD por DALY evitado, lo que indica una alta rentabilidad.
Conclusiones:
- La implementación de YFHS en Etiopía es altamente rentable, con un ICER por debajo del PIB per cápita del país.
- Escalar YFHS a través de HEWs es una estrategia transformadora para mejorar la SRH en adolescentes.
- La iniciativa contribuye a promover la equidad en materia de SSR y a lograr la cobertura sanitaria universal en Etiopía.
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