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Explorando el vínculo entre la inestabilidad social y económica y la EPOC: un análisis transversal del BRFSS 2022
Michael Stellefson1, Min-Qi Wang2, Yuhui Yao3
1Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Resumen
Las dificultades financieras y el estrés mental aumentan significativamente el riesgo de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Abordar los determinantes sociales de la salud es crucial para reducir la prevalencia de la EPOC en las poblaciones vulnerables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
- La medicina social
Sus antecedentes:
- Los determinantes sociales de la salud y las necesidades sociales relacionadas con la salud tienen un impacto significativo en los resultados de las enfermedades crónicas.
- Existe una investigación limitada basada en la población sobre la asociación entre las SDOH/HRSN y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre varias SDOH y HRSN y la prevalencia de la EPOC.
- Identificar los factores de riesgo sociales específicos que contribuyen a la EPOC en una muestra grande de la población.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis transversal de los datos del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo del Comportamiento (BRFSS) de 2022 de 37 estados y territorios de los Estados Unidos.
- Se utilizaron modelos de regresión logística ponderados para evaluar las asociaciones entre la EPOC y las SDOH/HRSN.
- Los factores clave examinados incluyeron dificultades financieras, inseguridad alimentaria, pérdida de empleo, barreras de acceso a la atención médica y factores de estrés psicosocial.
Principales resultados:
- Varios SDOH y HRSN individuales se asociaron significativamente con una mayor prevalencia de EPOC.
- La tensión financiera, particularmente la incapacidad para pagar la atención médica, fue un fuerte predictor de EPOC.
- Los factores de estrés psicosocial, como el estrés mental, mostraron una asociación moderada con el aumento de la prevalencia de EPOC.
Conclusiones:
- Para mitigar la EPOC es esencial abordar los riesgos sociales tanto a nivel estructural como a nivel individual.
- Los desafíos financieros y los factores de estrés psicosocial son objetivos clave para las intervenciones destinadas a reducir la prevalencia de la EPOC.
- Las estrategias de salud pública deben integrar el apoyo a las necesidades sociales para mejorar los resultados de la EPOC.
Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónicanecesidades sociales relacionadas con la saludDeterminantes sociales de la saludMás Videos Relacionados
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