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Evaluación de la capacidad de salud pública para el modelado de enfermedades infecciosas: un estudio cualitativo de
Skyler J Crouch1, Katie S Allen2, Delaney Thornton3
1Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Resumen
Los departamentos de salud pública necesitan herramientas de modelado de enfermedades infecciosas adaptables a sus necesidades específicas. La creación de confianza y la mejora de la calidad de los datos son fundamentales para la implementación y adopción exitosas de estos recursos cruciales de gestión de brotes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología
- Informática de la salud pública
- Investigación en servicios de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- El modelado y la predicción de enfermedades infecciosas son vitales para controlar los brotes.
- Los departamentos de salud estatales y locales tienen diferentes capacidades para usar estas herramientas debido a las limitaciones de infraestructura, financiamiento, personal y acceso a datos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar las prioridades, necesidades y capacidades de los departamentos de salud pública con respecto a las herramientas de modelado y pronóstico de enfermedades infecciosas.
- Comprender los obstáculos y facilitadores para la adopción y el uso efectivo de estas herramientas.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio cualitativo en el que se utilizan entrevistas a informantes clave con profesionales de la salud pública (epidemiólogos, informáticos, directivos).
- Entrevistas realizadas en los departamentos de salud estatales y locales en Montana, Utah y Washington.
- Análisis temático mediante codificación temática y codificación axial para identificar temas clave.
Principales resultados:
- Los modelos y las herramientas requieren adaptabilidad para diferentes tipos de jurisdicción (rural, urbana, estatal).
- El establecimiento de confianza en las herramientas de modelado y previsión es un requisito previo fundamental para su adopción.
- Existen preocupaciones significativas con respecto a la disponibilidad y la calidad de los datos necesarios para un modelado eficaz.
Conclusiones:
- Existe una clara necesidad de herramientas de modelado de enfermedades infecciosas que sean flexibles y personalizadas para jurisdicciones específicas de salud pública.
- Mejorar la confianza en estas herramientas y abordar los problemas de calidad de los datos es esencial para una aplicación generalizada y exitosa en diversos entornos de salud pública.
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