Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Sep 9, 2025
04:18
Author Spotlight: Exploring Cloning Techniques for Full-Length DNA Fragments
Published on: May 17, 2024
710
Los recombinantes son los principales impulsores de la evolución reciente del PRRSV-2
Clarissa Pellegrini Ferreira1, Lucina Galina-Pantoja2, Mark Wagner3
1Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1365, Gortner Ave, Falcon Heights, MN 55108, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
La secuenciación de todo el genoma revela que la recombinación tiene un impacto significativo en la evolución del virus del síndrome respiratorio y reproductivo porcino tipo 2 (PRRSV-2) en los EE.UU. Confiar únicamente en la secuenciación de ORF5 puede clasificar erróneamente las cepas de PRRSV-2, enfatizando la necesidad de un análisis de todo el genoma en la vigilancia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología veterinaria
- Epidemiología molecular
- Investigación de las enfermedades porcinas
Sus antecedentes:
- El virus del síndrome reproductivo y respiratorio porcino (PRRSV) es una gran amenaza económica para la producción porcina mundial.
- PRRSV-2 es la variante predominante en los Estados Unidos, tradicionalmente clasificada utilizando la secuenciación del gen ORF5.
- La secuenciación de ORF5 puede no detectar mecanismos evolutivos cruciales como la recombinación en el PRRSV-2.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el papel de la recombinación en la evolución de los aislados del PRRSV-2 de los Estados Unidos.
- Para comparar las clasificaciones filogenéticas basadas en la secuenciación de todo el genoma frente a la secuenciación ORF5.
- Evaluar las limitaciones de la asignación del linaje basado en ORF5 para el PRRSV-2.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación de todo el genoma de siete aislamientos de PRRSV-2 en los Estados Unidos (2006-2024).
- Análisis filogenético mediante ensamblaje guiado por referencia.
- Detección de la recombinación mediante el software RDP5 y SIMplot.
Principales resultados:
- Cuatro de los siete aislamientos de PRRSV-2 mostraron ubicaciones filogenéticas discordantes entre genomas enteros y secuencias ORF5.
- Las discordancias se atribuyeron a múltiples eventos de recombinación, particularmente en ORF2-ORF7.
- Tres aislamientos mostraron una concordancia filogenética sin evidencia significativa de recombinación.
Conclusiones:
- La recombinación es un factor importante de la evolución del PRRSV-2, que tiene un impacto en la diversidad viral.
- La clasificación del linaje basada en ORF5 es insuficiente para caracterizar con precisión las cepas de PRRSV-2.
- La secuenciación y la vigilancia de todo el genoma son críticas para un seguimiento viral preciso y estrategias de control efectivas.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
00:57Viral Recombination
23.8K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.8K
00:36Viral Mutations
32.8K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.8K
02:53Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation
6.1K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.1K
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.4K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.4K
02:33Retroviruses
12.7K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.7K
02:32Exon Recombination
3.7K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.7K