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Un pequeño repaso sobre la viruela del mono: brote, desafíos y estrategias de manejo

Dipak S Thorat¹, Yogesh V Ushir¹, Sudarshan Singh^2,3

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SMBT College of Pharmacy Dhamangaon, Nashik, Maharashtra, India 422403, Affiliated to SPPU University, Nashik, India.

Infectious disorders drug targets

|August 28, 2025

Resumen

La viruela del mono (Mpox) es un problema de salud mundial, que se propaga rápidamente a través de la transmisión de persona a persona. La detección temprana, la vacunación y el enfoque One Health son cruciales para controlar los brotes de Mpox y proteger la salud pública.

Área de la Ciencia:

* Virología y epidemiología
* Salud pública y enfermedades infecciosas

Sus antecedentes:

* La viruela del mono (Mpox) surgió como un problema de salud global significativo en 2022, con una rápida propagación internacional.
* El virus ha demostrado un cambio de transmisión zoonotica a transmisión de persona a persona, incluso a través del contacto íntimo.
* Las alteraciones genéticas en el virus sugieren adaptación para la transmisión humana.

Objetivo del estudio:

* Proporcionar una visión general de Mpox, incluyendo su transmisión, efectos y tratamientos disponibles.
* Para destacar la importancia de la detección temprana, el monitoreo de la evolución viral y las estrategias de vacunación.
* Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de un enfoque unificado de una sola salud para la prevención de brotes.

Principales métodos:

* Revisión de los casos globales de Mpox desde enero de 2022 hasta marzo de 2025.
* Análisis de las alteraciones genéticas virales.
* Examen de las actuales intervenciones terapéuticas y de vacunación.

Principales resultados:

* Más de 129.000 casos de Mpox fueron reportados en 120 países durante el período de estudio.
* Evidencia de adaptación viral para una propagación eficiente de persona a persona.
* Opciones de tratamiento limitadas pero efectivas, incluyendo tecovirimat y cidofovir.
* Las vacunas como MVA-BN muestran una alta eficacia cuando se administran inmediatamente después de la exposición.

Conclusiones:

* La detección temprana de Mpox y la vacunación rápida son vitales para un control eficaz.
* Es necesario un seguimiento continuo de la evolución viral para adaptar las estrategias de salud pública.
* Una estrategia integral de "Una sola salud" es esencial para prevenir futuros brotes de Mpox y garantizar la seguridad sanitaria mundial.

Palabras clave:

La viruela del mono Los antivirales Compuestos bioactivos.enfermedades infecciosas Las vacunas

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