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Diferencias de género en pareidolia facial: el efecto del estilo cognitivo y los criterios de juicio
Hao Wang1,2, Zhigang Yang1
1College of Education, Hebei University, China.
i-Perception
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Las mujeres perciben rostros en objetos más a menudo que los hombres debido a criterios de juicio relajados, no a la capacidad de procesamiento. El estilo cognitivo influye en esta diferencia de género en la pareidolia facial.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología cognitiva
- Conocimiento social
- Psicología perceptiva
Sus antecedentes:
- La pareidolia facial, la percepción de rostros en objetos inanimados, muestra diferencias de género documentadas.
- Los factores que influyen en estas disparidades de género en la pareidolia facial siguen siendo en gran medida inexplorados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las funciones de las demandas de tareas, la codificación de información de baja frecuencia y el estilo cognitivo en las diferencias de género en la pareidolia facial.
- Determinar si la mayor tendencia de las mujeres a la pareidolia facial está relacionada con el procesamiento perceptivo o los criterios de juicio.
Principales métodos:
- Los estudiantes universitarios participaron en tareas de pareidolia de cara basadas en imágenes, calificando la semejanza facial.
- La capacidad de codificación se evaluó utilizando una tarea de coincidencia retrasada con caras borrosas.
- El estilo cognitivo se evaluó a través de la tarea Navon, midiendo las tendencias de procesamiento global frente a las locales.
Principales resultados:
- Las diferencias de género en la pareidolia facial fueron moderadas significativamente por las demandas de la tarea.
- Las mujeres informaron una mayor pareidolia facial, independiente de las capacidades de procesamiento de la configuración facial.
- Un estilo cognitivo de procesamiento global predijo un aumento de pareidolia facial en las mujeres, pero no en los hombres.
Conclusiones:
- Las diferencias de género en la pareidolia facial están influenciadas por criterios de juicio subjetivos, y las mujeres emplean estándares más indulgentes.
- El estilo cognitivo, específicamente el procesamiento global, juega un papel en el aumento de la pareidolia facial de las mujeres.
- Los hallazgos mejoran la comprensión de las variaciones de género en la cognición y la percepción social.
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