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La mutación recurrente de Spike A222V en el SARS-CoV-2 mejora la replicación en las células primarias del pulmón del
Chelsea Cereghino1,2, Kateland Tiller1,2, Lin Kang3,4,5
1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, 205 Duck Pond Drive, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
Virus evolution
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Las mutaciones del coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) pueden adaptarse a los animales, lo que podría aumentar el riesgo de contagio en humanos. Spike A222V mostró la adaptación de los ciervos, destacando la necesidad de vigilancia en las poblaciones animales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Biología evolutiva
- Una salud
Sus antecedentes:
- El coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) representa una amenaza significativa dentro del marco de One Health debido a su capacidad para infectar tanto a humanos como a animales.
- La identificación de mutaciones que permiten la adaptación viral a los animales huéspedes es crucial para prevenir los reservorios persistentes de animales y los sucesivos eventos de contagio humano.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar las mutaciones del SARS-CoV-2 que se adaptan a los huéspedes animales utilizando la evolución experimental y los datos epidemiológicos.
- Determinar el impacto de las mutaciones identificadas en la replicación viral en células humanas y animales.
Principales métodos:
- El SARS-CoV-2 fue transmitido en células que expresan receptores ACE2 de humanos, perros, gatos, visones y ciervos de cola blanca.
- Secuenciación de poblaciones virales pasadas para identificar mutaciones adaptativas.
- Análisis de las secuencias de SARS-CoV-2 para patrones de evolución convergentes en cepas derivadas de humanos y animales.
- Evaluación de la construcción y la replicación de las variantes del SARS-CoV-2 (Spike A222V) en las células pulmonares humanas y animales.
Principales resultados:
- La mutación Spike A222V, identificada en las células que expresan ACE2 del gato, también se encontró convergente en las secuencias humanas y animales del SARS-CoV-2.
- El SARS-CoV-2 con Spike A222V se replicó de manera similar al tipo salvaje en las células pulmonares humanas, pero mostró una replicación mejorada en las células pulmonares de ciervos, independientemente del receptor ACE2 de ciervos.
- La infección a través de los receptores ACE2 humanos, perros, gatos y visones resultó en una reducción de la replicación de la variante Spike A222V.
Conclusiones:
- Spike A222V es una mutación supuestamente adaptativa para los ciervos.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones para evaluar la relevancia de Spike A222V para la transmisión dentro de los ciervos y a otras especies animales susceptibles.
Palabras clave:
A222V: Se incluyen los siguientes:En el caso del SARS-CoV-2adaptación del huéspedEl picoel ciervo de cola blancaMás Videos Relacionados
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