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Un marco para clasificar las tendencias de la enfermedad aplicado a los ingresos hospitalarios asociados a la gripe
Sarabeth M Mathis1, Matthew Biggerstaff1, Alicia Budd1
1Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio utilizó la Red de Vigilancia de la Hospitalización por Influenza (FluSurv-NET) para crear umbrales para el seguimiento de las tasas semanales de hospitalización por influenza. Este método mejoró la identificación de cambios significativos durante la temporada 2022/2023, lo que permitió un análisis de tendencias más rápido.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
- Vigilancia de las enfermedades infecciosas
Sus antecedentes:
- La gripe supone una carga importante para la salud pública, por lo que se requieren sistemas de vigilancia sólidos.
- La evaluación precisa y oportuna de las tendencias de la gripe es crucial para las intervenciones de salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Establecer y validar umbrales para las diferencias en la tasa de hospitalización semanal para categorizar los cambios en la actividad de la influenza.
- Evaluar la utilidad de esta métrica para la evaluación rápida de las tendencias utilizando datos de vigilancia recientes.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de la Red de Vigilancia de la Hospitalización por Influenza (FluSurv-NET).
- Los umbrales definidos para las diferencias en la tasa de hospitalización semanal.
- Aplicó estos umbrales a los datos de admisión de influenza de la Red Nacional de Seguridad Sanitaria (NHSN) para las temporadas 2022/2023 y 2023/2024.
Principales resultados:
- Los umbrales establecidos categorizaron efectivamente los cambios en las tasas semanales de hospitalización por influenza.
- La métrica identificó un mayor número de grandes aumentos y disminuciones en la actividad de la influenza durante la temporada 2022/2023 en comparación con las evaluaciones anteriores.
- Facilitó una identificación más rápida de las tendencias significativas de la influenza.
Conclusiones:
- La métrica desarrollada proporciona una herramienta valiosa para categorizar y evaluar rápidamente las tendencias de la influenza.
- Este enfoque mejora la capacidad de controlar y responder eficazmente a los brotes de gripe.
- Apoya la toma oportuna de decisiones de salud pública durante las temporadas de gripe.
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