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Un estudio longitudinal de tres años de la salud mental de los atletas: un estudio de caso de cricket
George Ely1, Tim Woodman1, Ross Roberts1
1Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
La salud mental de los atletas, incluida la depresión y el abuso de alcohol, varía a lo largo de la temporada deportiva. Los marcadores de salud mental como la depresión mejoran durante la temporada baja, destacando la importancia de los períodos de descanso.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina del deporte
- Psicología
- Ciencias del rendimiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La mayoría de las investigaciones de salud mental de los atletas son transversales, lo que limita la comprensión de las variaciones temporales.
- El ciclo deportivo incluye períodos distintos (pre-temporada, mitad de temporada, fuera de temporada) que pueden influir en la salud mental.
- La comprensión de estas dinámicas temporales es crucial para el apoyo eficaz del atleta.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si los indicadores de salud mental de los atletas difieren en distintas fases del ciclo deportivo.
- Para examinar los cambios en la depresión, la ansiedad, el abuso del alcohol, el problema del juego y el bienestar en los jugadores de cricket masculinos de élite.
- Proporcionar una perspectiva longitudinal sobre la salud mental del atleta dentro de un contexto competitivo.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio longitudinal de seguimiento de jugadores de cricket masculinos de élite durante tres años.
- La medición de la depresión, la ansiedad, el abuso del alcohol, el juego problemático y el bienestar.
- Análisis ANOVA de medidas repetidas y imputación múltiple para el análisis de datos.
Principales resultados:
- Los niveles de depresión y abuso de alcohol mostraron cambios significativos en todo el ciclo deportivo.
- La depresión alcanzó su punto máximo a mediados de temporada y volvió a la línea de base en la pretemporada.
- El abuso de alcohol fue mayor durante la temporada baja; la ansiedad y el bienestar se mantuvieron estables.
Conclusiones:
- La salud mental del atleta exhibe un componente temporal, que varía significativamente entre las fases del ciclo deportivo.
- El seguimiento longitudinal que tenga en cuenta períodos discretos es esencial para una evaluación precisa de la salud mental del atleta.
- El tiempo fuera de la competición (fuera de temporada) es vital para la recuperación de la salud mental, advirtiendo contra temporadas extendidas.
Palabras clave:
Ansiedadel grillola depresiónlongitudinalesconductas de mala adaptaciónsalud mentalDeportesbienestarMás Videos Relacionados
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