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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Incluso a los 100 años: el ejercicio agudo modula las vías inflamatorias en los centenarios

Abel Plaza-Florido1, Lidia B Alejo2,3, Inmaculada Pérez-Prieto4

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Resumen

Incluso a los 100 años, el cuerpo humano responde al ejercicio. El ejercicio agudo en centenarios desreguló las proteínas relacionadas con la inflamación, mostrando una respuesta molecular retenida a la actividad física.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Gerontología y Fisiología del Ejercicio
  • Biología molecular y investigación de la inflamación

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los centenarios muestran una resistencia significativa a las enfermedades relacionadas con la edad, que a menudo coexisten con inflamación crónica de bajo grado.
  • La comprensión de las adaptaciones moleculares al estrés fisiológico en la longevidad extrema es crucial para la investigación de la salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la respuesta del proteoma relacionada con la inflamación al ejercicio agudo en centenarios.
  • Para determinar si las vías moleculares que regulan la inflamación siguen respondiendo al ejercicio en la vejez extrema.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis proteómico de muestras de sangre de siete centenarios (entre 100 y 104 años) antes y después de un ejercicio agudo.
  • Análisis bioinformático para identificar proteínas expresadas diferencialmente y vías asociadas involucradas en la inflamación.

Principales resultados:

  • El ejercicio agudo condujo a la desregulación de 52 proteínas relacionadas con la inflamación en centenarios.
  • Las proteínas afectadas estuvieron involucradas en procesos clave, incluido el tráfico de células inmunes, la apoptosis y la regulación de citoquinas.
  • Las proteínas específicas reguladas a la baja incluyen el factor de necrosis tumoral (TNF), la interleucina 10 (IL10), el antagonista del receptor de la interleucina 1 (IL1RN) y varias quimiocinas de la LCC.

Conclusiones:

  • Los centenarios conservan una sensibilidad molecular significativa al ejercicio agudo, incluso al final de la vida humana.
  • El ejercicio puede modular las vías moleculares relacionadas con la inflamación en los muy viejos, lo que sugiere beneficios potenciales para la salud.
  • Estos hallazgos destacan la plasticidad del proteoma envejecido y el impacto duradero de la actividad física en los procesos inflamatorios.