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El cruce molecular entre el edulcorante artificial aspartame y la hormona de la insulina relacionada con la diabetes

Masihuzzaman Ansari¹, Kailash Prasad Prajapati¹, Shikha Mittal¹

¹Biophysical and Biomaterials Research Laboratory, Room 310, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.

Biomacromolecules

|August 28, 2025

Resumen

El edulcorante artificial aspartame y la insulina interactúan, formando coagregados citotóxicos. Esta interacción entre el aspartame y la insulina puede vincular las complicaciones de la diabetes con el consumo de aspartame.

Área de la Ciencia:

Bioquímica y Biología Molecular
Investigación de la diabetes
Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos

Sus antecedentes:

El edulcorante artificial aspartame es ampliamente consumido y se sabe que forma nanoestructuras citotóxicas.
El aspartame está presente en numerosos productos alimenticios y medicamentos, lo que plantea riesgos potenciales para la salud.
Los pacientes con diabetes a menudo consumen aspartame como una adaptación, lo que requiere comprender sus interacciones biológicas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la interacción directa y la coagregación entre el aspartame y la insulina.
Caracterización de las propiedades estructurales y biofísicas de los coagregados aspartamo-insulina.
Evaluar la citotoxicidad y la estabilidad de estos coagregados.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron técnicas biofísicas para estudiar el autoensamblaje y la coagulación del aspartame y la insulina.
Se analizaron las características estructurales de las fibrillas co-ensambladas utilizando ensayos específicos de amiloide.
Se evaluó la citotoxicidad y la resistencia a la peptidasa de los coagregados aspartame-insulina.

Principales resultados:

Se demostró un cruce directo entre el aspartame y la insulina, lo que condujo a la semilla cruzada y la coagregación.
La estructura de la insulina promueve el autoensamblaje del aspartame en nanoestructuras citotóxicas; las nanoestructuras del aspartame inducen la agregación amiloide de la insulina.
Los coagregados de aspartame e insulina presentan propiedades parecidas a las del amiloide, son resistentes a la peptidasa y son citotóxicos.

Conclusiones:

La interacción entre la fibrilación de la insulina y la agregación del aspartame es significativa.
El consumo de aspartame puede estar relacionado con la progresión de las complicaciones asociadas a la diabetes.
Se necesitan más investigaciones para aclarar las implicaciones clínicas de la coagregación aspartame-insulina.

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