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Temperamento, estructura cerebral y videojuegos problemáticos en la adolescencia - Un estudio longitudinal de seis
Ines Mürner-Lavanchy1,2, Silvano Sele1, Julian Simmons3
11University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Journal of behavioral addictions
|August 28, 2025
Resumen
La afectividad negativa y el menor control de esfuerzo en los hombres predicen juegos problemáticos. Un mayor control de esfuerzo puede proteger a las personas con amígdalas más grandes de desarrollar adicción a los juegos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Psicología del desarrollo
- La psiquiatría
Sus antecedentes:
- El juego problemático es una preocupación creciente que requiere investigación longitudinal para objetivos de prevención.
- El temperamento y la estructura cerebral de los adolescentes tempranos son predictores potenciales de problemas de juego posteriores.
- Estos marcadores ofrecen información autoinformada y objetiva sobre las diferencias individuales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las asociaciones longitudinales entre el temperamento adolescente temprano, la estructura cerebral y los videojuegos problemáticos posteriores.
- Identificar posibles marcadores predictivos para el juego problemático en la adolescencia.
Principales métodos:
- Temperamento y volumen cerebral evaluados en la adolescencia temprana (11-13 años).
- Juegos problemáticos medidos en la adolescencia tardía (17-19 años).
- Utilizó una muestra comunitaria (n=245) para maximizar la variación del temperamento y probó modelos predictivos.
Principales resultados:
- La afectividad negativa y el género masculino predijeron juegos problemáticos posteriores.
- Un menor control de esfuerzo en los hombres se asoció con mayores probabilidades de juego problemático.
- Los análisis exploratorios sugirieron una interacción entre el control de esfuerzo y el volumen de la amígdala.
Conclusiones:
- Confirma vínculos entre la afectividad negativa, el control de esfuerzo y el juego problemático durante seis años.
- Sugiere que un mayor control de esfuerzo puede ser protector, especialmente en personas con amígdalas más grandes, contra la adicción a los videojuegos.
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