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Construir un argumento de validez para un nuevo formato de elemento de razonamiento clínico: un estudio de
Resumen
El formato SHARP (Respuesta Corta, Disposición Racional) evalúa efectivamente el razonamiento clínico de los estudiantes de medicina. Los estudiantes utilizan estrategias como identificar y explicar asociaciones, pensamiento probabilístico y priorizar la evidencia para justificar sus interpretaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación médica
- Evaluación del razonamiento clínico
- Educación para las profesiones sanitarias
Sus antecedentes:
- El formato de las preguntas SHARP (Respuesta Corta, Proveimiento Racional) está diseñado para evaluar las habilidades de razonamiento clínico.
- Se requiere que los estudiantes proporcionen una justificación para sus interpretaciones clínicas y decisiones basadas en las fichas de los pacientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar las pruebas de validez del proceso de respuesta para el formato de artículo SHARP.
- Evaluar el uso de los resultados de los elementos SHARP para las evaluaciones sumativas.
Principales métodos:
- Entrevistas simultáneas de pensamiento en voz alta con estudiantes de cuarto año de medicina.
- Análisis de pensamientos verbalizados durante la finalización de 12 ítems SHARP utilizando técnicas de codificación cualitativa.
Principales resultados:
- Dieciocho estudiantes participaron, demostrando cuatro estrategias de razonamiento primarias: identificar asociaciones, explicar asociaciones, pensamiento probabilístico y priorizar la evidencia.
- Estas estrategias se alinean parcialmente con los marcos de razonamiento clínico existentes.
Conclusiones:
- La evidencia de validez inicial apoya la interpretación y el uso de las puntuaciones de los artículos SHARP.
- Es necesaria una mayor recopilación de pruebas de validez para reforzar el argumento de la utilidad del artículo SHARP.
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