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Un nuevo marco basado en un gran modelo de lenguaje para el análisis de sentimientos de grano fino

Haochen Zou1, Yongli Wang2, Anqi Huang2

  • 1School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei Street No.200, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, China; Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, 2155 Guy Street, Montreal, H3H 2L9, Quebec, Canada.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este estudio introduce un nuevo marco para mejorar el análisis de sentimientos basado en aspectos de grano fino mediante la mejora de grandes modelos de lenguaje con conocimiento de la extensión y la sintaxis. El enfoque captura efectivamente los matices lingüísticos para un mejor reconocimiento de la entidad del aspecto y la clasificación del sentimiento.

Palabras clave:
Análisis de sentimiento de grano finoGran modelo de lenguajeProcesamiento del lenguaje naturalAtención consciente de la distanciaTransformador sensible a la síntesis

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Procesamiento del lenguaje natural
  • Inteligencia artificial
  • Lingüística computacional

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los grandes modelos de lenguaje basados en transformadores sobresalen en PNL, pero luchan con relaciones sintácticas explícitas y matices de términos locales.
  • El análisis de sentimiento basado en aspectos de grano fino requiere una identificación precisa de las entidades de los aspectos y su sentimiento asociado.
  • Los modelos existentes se enfrentan a limitaciones en la captura de los detalles lingüísticos intrincados necesarios para esta tarea.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proponer un nuevo marco que mejore los grandes modelos de lenguaje para el análisis de sentimientos basado en aspectos de grano fino.
  • Abordar las limitaciones de los modelos actuales en el modelado de relaciones sintácticas y matices locales.
  • Mejorar la precisión del reconocimiento de la entidad de aspecto y la clasificación del sentimiento.

Principales métodos:

  • Desarrolló un marco de aprendizaje conjunto que integra la atención consciente del intervalo, el Transformador contextual y el Transformador consciente de la sintaxis.
  • Estos componentes generan rasgos sensibles a la extensión, al contexto y a la sintaxis en paralelo.
  • Un módulo de agregación de características fusiona dinámicamente estas características para una representación completa.

Principales resultados:

  • El marco propuesto demuestra un rendimiento superior en los conjuntos de datos de referencia para el análisis del sentimiento basado en aspectos de grano fino.
  • Los resultados experimentales muestran mejoras significativas en comparación con los modelos de referencia de última generación.
  • La arquitectura aprovecha efectivamente las características de alcance, contexto y sintaxis.

Conclusiones:

  • El nuevo marco representa un esfuerzo pionero en la ampliación de los modelos de lenguaje para el análisis de sentimientos basado en aspectos.
  • La integración de la conciencia de la extensión y la sintaxis mejora significativamente las capacidades del modelo.
  • El enfoque ofrece una dirección prometedora para la investigación futura en el análisis del sentimiento matizado.